Type 2 diabetes (n = 295) | Non-Type 2 diabetes (n = 3564) | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Baseline demographic and biochemical data | |||
Age (year) | 47.4 ± 11.5 | 40.6 ± 12.3 | < 0.001 |
Male, % | 43.7 | 44.5 | 0.423 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 30.8 ± 5.3 | 27.0 ± 4.4 | < 0.001 |
Physical Activity (MET/h/w) | 65.1 (35.7–93.8) | 67.5 (35.7–99.1) | 0.660 |
Academic education (graduated),% | 20.5 | 29.9 | < 0.001 |
Employed, % | 84.1 | 84.7 | 0.419 |
Smoking, % | 11.9 | 10.8 | 0.310 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 102.0 ± 10.3 | 92.2 ± 7.9 | < 0.001 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 169 (126–230) | 113 (80–162) | < 0.001 |
Low density lipoprotein-Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 117.7 ± 32.6 | 111.6 ± 32.5 | 0.003 |
High density lipoprotein-Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 44.4 ± 10.5 | 47.9 ± 11.6 | < 0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 123.4 ± 18.2 | 111.9 ± 15.1 | < 0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80.9 ± 12.4 | 74.9 ± 10.7 | < 0.001 |
Dietary intakes | |||
Energy (kcal/day) | 2359 ± 701 | 2399 ± 709 | 0.351 |
Carbohydrate (g/day) | 348 ± 113 | 354 ± 119 | 0.394 |
Protein (g/day) | 87.3 ± 28.1 | 89.2 ± 48.8 | 0.508 |
Fat (g/day) | 77.5 ± 28.1 | 80.3 ± 48.2 | 0.315 |