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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants according to the development of the type 2 diabetes

From: The higher adherence to a healthy lifestyle score is associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes in Iranian adults

 

Type 2 diabetes

(n = 295)

Non-Type 2 diabetes

(n = 3564)

P-value

Baseline demographic and biochemical data

 Age (year)

47.4 ± 11.5

40.6 ± 12.3

 < 0.001

 Male, %

43.7

44.5

0.423

 Body mass index (kg/m2)

30.8 ± 5.3

27.0 ± 4.4

 < 0.001

 Physical Activity (MET/h/w)

65.1 (35.7–93.8)

67.5 (35.7–99.1)

0.660

 Academic education (graduated),%

20.5

29.9

 < 0.001

 Employed, %

84.1

84.7

0.419

 Smoking, %

11.9

10.8

0.310

 Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl)

102.0 ± 10.3

92.2 ± 7.9

 < 0.001

 Triglycerides (mg/dl)

169 (126–230)

113 (80–162)

 < 0.001

 Low density lipoprotein-Cholesterol (mg/dl)

117.7 ± 32.6

111.6 ± 32.5

0.003

 High density lipoprotein-Cholesterol (mg/dl)

44.4 ± 10.5

47.9 ± 11.6

 < 0.001

 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

123.4 ± 18.2

111.9 ± 15.1

 < 0.001

 Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

80.9 ± 12.4

74.9 ± 10.7

 < 0.001

Dietary intakes

 Energy (kcal/day)

2359 ± 701

2399 ± 709

0.351

 Carbohydrate (g/day)

348 ± 113

354 ± 119

0.394

 Protein (g/day)

87.3 ± 28.1

89.2 ± 48.8

0.508

 Fat (g/day)

77.5 ± 28.1

80.3 ± 48.2

0.315

  1. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation for normally distributed variables and median (25–75 interquartile range) for skewed variables, and percent for categorical variables.