Importance of circulating adipocytokines in multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on case-control studies

Table 2 Circulating levels of leptin, adiponectin, resistin and visfatin in MM patients and controls

Author, year	Case			Control			Unit	P value
Author, year	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	N	Unit	P value
Circulating leptin levels
Alexandrakis 2004 [24]	17.96	20.39	62	4.18	0.96	20	ng/ml	<0.0001
Pamuk 2006 [25]	22.6	14.7	14	10.3	7.6	25	ng/ml	<0.01
Dalamaga 2009 [26]	27.5	17.6	73	21.9	9.5	73	ng/ml	0.02
Hofmann 2012 [27]	15.76	16.83	174	15.36	16.92	348	ng/ml	NS
Esheba 2014 [28]	5.82	1.43	16	2.16	0.72	16	ng/ml	<0.0001
Hu 2016	6.82	3.09	28	2.91	1.81	28	ng/ml	<0.01
Liu 2020 [32]	0.21	0.11	39	0.21	0.13	20	ng/ml	NS
Circulating adiponectin levels
Dalamaga 2009 [26]	14.3	7.3	73	21.7	10.3	73	ng/ml	<0.0001
Hofmann 2012 [27]	10.42	6.98	174	11.68	7.84	348	μg/ml	NS
Hofmann 2016 [29]	12	6.3	624	13.1	6.8	1246	μg/ml	<0.05
Hu 2016	5.79	2.37	28	9.29	3.45	28	μg/ml	<0.01
Liu 2020 [32]	12.37	3.13	39	13.8	0.95	20	ng/ml	<0.05
Circulating resistin levels
Pamuk 2006 [25]	3.3	3.3	14	1.97	0.6	25	ng/ml	NS
Dalamaga 2009 [26]	9.4	5	73	15.9	6.8	73	ng/ml	<0.0001
Esheba 2014 [28]	1.56	0.74	16	1.6	0.68	16	ng/ml	0.438
Hu 2016	8.98	6.41	28	9.48	6.18	28	ng/ml	0.091
Santo 2017 [31]	5.56	2.26	178	5.89	2.16	358	ng/ml	NS
Salma 2020 [33]	1.967	3.595	58	0.604	0.622	24	ng/ml	0.009
Circulating visfatin levels
Yu 2016 [30]	8.35	5.06	28	7.74	4.79	28	ng/ml	0.819
Liu 2020 [32]	102.76	90.41	39	22.55	21.41	20	ng/ml	<0.05

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