Table 2 Changes in CGM indices, ¹³ C-acetate breath test (T_max) and vascular endothelial function (reactive hyperemia index) during study

HbA1c (%)

7.4 ± 1.4

7.1 ± 1.3

0.04

Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl)

163.8 ± 52.1

143.2 ± 46.9

0.03

GA (%)

17.2 ± 3.9

16.8 ± 4.1

0.19

Weight (kg)

95.1 ± 32.7

95.3 ± 32.4

0.71

CGM indices

Mean glucose (mg/dl)

152.0 ± 50.8

153.7 ± 47.8

0.83

SD glucose (mg/dl)

33.6 ± 15.2

36.0 ± 14.3

0.28

CV glucose (%)

21.6 ± 4.9

23.6 ± 7.1

0.11

MAGE (mg/dl)

67.0 ± 27.1

71.1 ± 29.4

0.30

Time in range (%)

78.3 ± 26.9

72.1 ± 29.2

0.17

Time above range (%)

21.0 ± 27.3

25.9 ± 30.1

0.27

Time below range (%)

0.7 ± 1.7

2.0 ± 3.9

0.12

T_max (min)

83.4 ± 12.2

58.2 ± 16.4

<0.001

Reactive hyperemia index

1.76 ± 0.39

1.84 ± 0.47

0.21

Adiponectin (µg/ml)

7.1 ± 3.4

7.3 ± 3.9

0.52

High-sensitivity CRP (mg/dl)

0.155 ± 0.170

0.209 ± 0.197

0.06

Urinary 8-OHdG (ng/mg creatinine)

7.9 ± 3.1

8.0 ± 3.2

0.75

Urinary 8-isoPGF2α (pg/mg creatinine)

439.2 ± 225.8

395.0 ± 113.8

0.32