Child-age 15 months: | Child-age 4 years: | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | B* | 95% CI | P value | n | B* | 95% CI | P value | ||
Country: | |||||||||
Finland | 1156 | Reference | 799 | Reference | |||||
US | 2089 | 1.31 | 1.16, 1.44 | < 0.001 | 1474 | 1.58 | 1.43, 1.74 | < 0.001 | |
Germany | 245 | 0.26 | 0.03, 0.48 | 0.025 | 155 | 0.46 | 0.18, 0.72 | 0.001 | |
Sweden | 1734 | 1.31 | 1.18, 1.44 | < 0.001 | 1421 | 1.55 | 1.39, 1.67 | < 0.001 | |
First-degree relative with type 1 diabetes: | |||||||||
No | 4819 | Reference | 3537 | Reference | |||||
Yes | 405 | 0.14 | −0.03, 0.31 | 0.103 | 312 | 0.03 | −0.16, 0.22 | 0.766 | |
Mother’s education: | |||||||||
University | 2977 | Reference | 2291 | Reference | |||||
Trade School | 1252 | 0.35 | 0.24, 0.46 | < 0.001 | 840 | 0.42 | 0.29, 0.54 | < 0.001 | |
Basic Primary | 995 | 0.42 | 0.29, 0.55 | < 0.001 | 718 | 0.53 | 0.39, 0.68 | < 0.001 | |
Parents living together: | |||||||||
No | 180 | Reference | 112 | Reference | |||||
Yes | 5044 | −0.42 | −0.66, −0.18 | 0.001 | 3737 | − 0.45 | − 0.74, − 0.15 | 0.003 | |
Mother’s age at child’s birth: | 5224 | −0.02 | − 0.03, − 0.01 | 0.001 | 3849 | − 0.002 | − 0.01, 0.01 | 0.734 | |
Number of staff changes in the previous year: | 5224 | −0.04 | −0.08, 0.003 | 0.071 | 3849 | 0.01 | −0.05, 0.07 | 0.806 | |
Mother smokes: | |||||||||
No | 4754 | Reference | 3566 | Reference | |||||
Yes | 470 | 0.08 | −0.07, 0.24 | 0.297 | 283 | 0.17 | −0.02, 0.37 | 0.080 | |
Maternal depression: | 5224 | −0.05 | −0.07, − 0.03 | < 0.001 | 3849 | − 0.05 | − 0.08, − 0.03 | < 0.001 | |
Mother’s perception of child’s type 1 diabetes risk: | |||||||||
Underestimate | 2061 | Reference | 1460 | Reference | |||||
Accurate | 3163 | 0.18 | 0.09, 0.28 | < 0.001 | 2389 | 0.27 | 0.16, 0.37 | < 0.001 | |
Maternal anxiety: | 5224 | −0.01 | −0.01, − 0.002 | 0.010 | 3849 | −0.01 | −0.01, − 0.001 | 0.026 | |
Maternal belief that child’s type 1 diabetes risk can be reduced: | 5224 | 0.13 | 0.11 0.16 | < 0.001 | 3849 | 0.11 | 0.08, 0.14 | < 0.001 |