Characteristic | Deficiency 25(OH)D (< 20 ng/ml) | Insufficiency 25(OH) (20-32 ng/ml) | Optimal 25(OH)D (> 32 ng/ml) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total number of subjects n (%) | 286 (44) | 234 (36) | 128 (20) | |
Age (years)* | 36.5 (12) | 38.7 (12) | 41.4 (13.0) | 0.002 |
Age < 50, n (%) | 239 (49) | 172 (35) | 77 (16) | |
Age ≥ 50, n (%)* | 39 (32.5) | 45 (37.5) | 36 (30) | 0.000 |
Sex | ||||
Female* | 233 (82) | 168 (72) | 88 (69) | 0.004 |
Do you smoke, n (%) | ||||
Yes, on most or all days | 33 (11.8) | 31 (13.4) | 16 (12.9) | |
Only occasionally | 10 (3.6) | 10 (4.3) | 8 (6.5) | |
No | 236 (84.6) | 190 (82.3) | 100 (80.6) | 0.723 |
Diabetes mellitus* | ||||
Yes | 29 (11.4) | 26 (13.3) | 23 (23.2) | 0.015 |
Hypertension | ||||
Yes | 30 (11.8) | 30 (15.3) | 17 (16.7) | 0.380 |
Angina or heart attack | ||||
Yes | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 0.412 |
High cholesterol | ||||
Yes | 18 (7.1) | 25 (12.8) | 13 (13.3) | 0.082 |
Sleep disturbance | ||||
Yes | 7 (2.8) | 7 (3.6) | 8 (8.3) | 0.058 |
Past Operation | ||||
Yes | 133 (48.4) | 88 (38.8) | 44 (36.1) | 0.017 |