Suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is associated with the severity of prognosis in hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Table 4 Hazard ratios of combined endpoint events according to different thyroid function categories among patients with COVID-19

	No. of participants	No. of cases	Person-days	Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals)
	No. of participants	No. of cases	Person-days	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Combined endpoint events ^a
NTF	184	5	5753	1.00	1.00	1.00
Subclinical hypothyroidism	17	2	524	5.55 (1.01–30.5)	4.04 (0.69–23.8)	7.14 (1.26–40.6)
Severe NTIS	11	6	350	18.8 (5.05–69.9)	23.1 (5.75–92.8)	22.1 (6.09–79.9)
Mild to moderate NTIS	23	15	685	21.0 (6.04–72.7)	27.3 (7.07–105.7)	30.1 (9.89–91.3)

Model 1 adjusted for age and sex. Model 2 adjusted for age, sex, smoking, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, using antihypertensive drugs, and using glucose-lowering drug. Model 3 adjusted for total cholesterol and using lipid-lowering agents. ^aCombined endpoint events: The primary end point was a composite of death or using invasive mechanical ventilation or admission to Intensive care unit. Abbreviations: COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019, NTF Normal thyroid function, NTIS Non-thyroidal illness syndrome

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