Table 4 Abnormalities associated with Klinefelter syndrome and hyperglycemia combined PUMCH center and previous case reports
Characteristics | Patients (n = 21) |
|---|---|
Age | 27.75 ± 11.8 |
Clinical features | |
 Decreased testosterone levels | 16 out 16 (100.0%) |
 Increased gonadotropin levels | 15 out 16 (93.8%) |
 Infertility | 7 adults with recording |
 Small testicles (adults) | 10 out 12 (83.3%) |
 Decreased pubic hair (adults) | 8 out 9 (88.9%) |
 Gynecomastia | 4 out 14 (28.6%) |
 Behavioral and intelligence problems | 5 out 16 (31.3%) |
 Delayed secondary sexual characteristics | 7 out 11 (63.6%) |
 Cryptorchidism | 3 out 15 (20.0%) |
 Obesity | 9 out 18 (50.0%) |
 Hypertension | 8 out 15 (53.3%) |
 Hyperglycemia | 9 out 13 (69.2%) |
 Karyotype | 10 out 14 (71.4%), 47 XXY; 2/14 (14.3%), 46 XY/47 XXY; 2 out 14 (14.3%), 49 XXXXY |
 Prediabetes | 3 out 21 (14.3%) |
 Diabetes mellitus | 18 out 21 (85.7%) |
 Insulin resistance parameters | 8 out 10 (80.0%) |