Table 1 Characteristics of the included trials
Study (author year) | Country | Principle of data analysis | Drug | Sizes | BMI | Age | Gestational age at enrollment | Included in meta analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 1 | Group 2 | ||||
Rowan 2003 | NA | NA | Metformin | Insulin | 16 | 14 | 39.5 ± 6.94 | 37.9 ± 6.87 | 33.7 ± 4.44 | 34.1 ± 3.7 | 29.8 ± 4.49 | 30.4 ± 4.67 | No |
Moore 2007 | USA | ITT/PP | Metformin | Insulin | 32 | 31 | 39.7 ± 9 | 35.3 ± 6.7 | 27.1 ± 4.7 | 27.7 ± 6.7 | 27.8 ± 6.5 | 28.9 ± 5 | Yes |
Rowan 2008 | New Zealand, Australia | ITT | Metformin | Insulin | 363 | 370 | 35.1 ± 8.3 | 34.6 ± 7.2 | 33.5 ± 5.4 | 33 ± 5.1 | 30.2 ± 3.3 | 30.1 ± 3.2 | Yes |
Ijas 2010 | Finland | ITT | Metformin | Insulin | 47 | 50 | 31.5 ± 6.5 | 30.8 ± 5.4 | 32.3 ± 5.6 | 31.7 ± 6.1 | 30 ± 4.9 | 30 ± 4 | Yes |
Niromanesh 2012 | Iran | ITT | Metformin | Insulin | 80 | 80 | 28.1 ± 4 | 27.1 ± 2.1 | 30.7 ± 5.5 | 31.8 ± 5.1 | 28.7 ± 3.7 | 28.6 ± 3.6 | Yes |
Mesdaghinia 2012 | Iran | PP | Metformin | Insulin | 100 | 100 | 27.6 ± NA | 28.46 ± NA | 29.6 ± 5.3 | 30.2 ± 5.9 | 27.9 ± 3.22 | 28.9 ± 3.8 | No |
Hassan 2012 | Pakistan | ITT | Metformin | Insulin | 75 | 75 | 29.17 ± 1.94 | 28.74 ± 2.69 | 30.29 ± 3.06 | 30.88 ± 3.6 | 29.53 ± 1.33 | 29.2 ± 1.48 | Yes |
Spaulonei 2013 | Brazil | ITT | Metformin | Insulin | 46 | 46 | 31.96 ± 4.75 | 31.39 ± 5.71 | 31.93 ± 6.02 | 32.76 ± 4.66 | 32.18 ± 3.7 | 32.05 ± 3.5 | Yes |
Tertti 2013 | Finland | ITT | Metformin | Insulin | 110 | 107 | 29.4 ± 5.9 | 28.9 ± 4.7 | 31.9 ± 5 | 32.1 ± 5.4 | 30.3 ± 2 | 30.4 ± 1.8 | Yes |
Ruholamin 2014 | Iran | PP | Metformin | Insulin | 50 | 50 | 26.4 ± 2.8 | 25.1 ± 3.4 | 24.6 ± 6.3 | 23.4 ± 2.5 | 27.6 ± 3.3 | 26.7 ± 3.5 | No |
Ashoush 2016 | Egypt | ITT | Metformin | Insulin | 47 | 48 | 31.1 ± 1.3 | 31.4 ± 1.5 | 31.6 ± 2.8 | 32.1 ± 3.2 | 29.8 ± 1.4 | 29.7 ± 1.9 | Yes |
Saleh 2016 | Egypt | ITT | Metformin | Insulin | 67 | 70 | 30.52 ± 3.17 | 31.58 ± 30.12 | 31 ± 3.42 | 29.8 ± 2.18 | NA | NA | Yes |
Arshad 2017 | Pakistan | ITT | Metformin | Insulin | 25 | 25 | NA | NA | 29.76 ± 3.41 | 31.6 ± 4.27 | NA | NA | Yes |
Gamal 2018 | Egypt | ITT | Metformin | Insulin | 58 | 58 | 29.6 ± 1.3 | 29.4 ± 1.4 | 30.4 ± 2.8 | 30.6 ± 2.5 | 28.9 ± 1.1 | 29 ± 1.1 | Yes |
Ghomian 2019 | Iran | PP | Metformin | Insulin | 143 | 143 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | No |
Wasim 2019 | Pakistan | ITT | Metformin | Insulin | 137 | 141 | NA | NA | 29.5 ± 4.8 | 29.7 ± 4.8 | 28.9 ± 2.9 | 28.6 ± 3.1 | Yes |
Langer 2000 | USA | ITT | Glyburide | Insulin | 201 | 203 | NA | NA | 29 ± 7 | 30 ± 6 | 24 ± 7 | 25 ± 7 | Yes |
Bertini 2005 | Brazil | ITT | Glyburide | Insulin | 24 | 27 | 27.5 ± 5.8 | 27 ± 7.2 | 31.2 ± 4.5 | 28.7 ± 6 | NA | NA | Yes |
Anjalakshi 2007 | India | ITT/PP | Glyburide | Insulin | 10 | 13 | 22.82 ± 3.5 | 25.32 ± 5.14 | 24.9 ± 3.76 | 27.46 ± 5.83 | 22.5 ± 4.72 | 22.62 ± 5.62 | Yes |
Ogunyemi 2007 | USA | ITT | Glyburide | Insulin | 48 | 49 | 32 ± 7.6 | 30.8 ± 6.9 | NA | NA | 28.1 ± 7.6* | 24.6 ± 8* | No |
Lain 2009 | USA | ITT | Glyburide | Insulin | 41 | 41 | 33.4 ± 12.9 | 30.9 ± 5.7 | 32.2 ± 5 | 31.2 ± 5.9 | 30.8 ± 2.5 | 30.6 ± 2.2 | Yes |
Mukhopadhyay 2012 | India | ITT | Glyburide | Insulin | 30 | 30 | 23.7 ± 2.7 | 23 ± 2.9 | 26.3 ± 4.6 | 26 ± 4.3 | 28.3 ± 2.2 | 27.4 ± 2.7 | Yes |
Tempe 2013 | India | ITT | Glyburide | Insulin | 32 | 32 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Yes |
Mirzamoradi 2015 | Iran | ITT/PP | Glyburide | Insulin | 37 | 59 | NA | NA | 29.5 ± 4.06** | 31.18 ± 5.01** | 29.89 ± 4.12 | 30.27 ± 3.97 | No |
Bhrashi 2016 | Iran | PP | Glyburide | Insulin | 120 | 129 | 21.94 ± 2.8 | 22.59 ± 3.094 | 30.69 ± 7.194 | 29.98 ± 7.033 | 24.89 ± 3.9 | 24.48 ± 4.51 | No |
Senat 2018 | France | PP/ITT | Glyburide | Insulin | 448(ITT) | 442 | 30.7 ± 5.1 | 31.1 ± 5.4 | 32.5 ± 5.1 | 32.6 ± 5.3 | NA | NA | Yes |
Moore 2009 | USA | ITT | Glyburide | Metformin | 74 | 75 | 32.7 ± 7 | 32.8 ± 5.8 | 29.6 ± 7.8 | 31 ± 7.1 | 29.1 ± 5 | 27.3 ± 6.8 | Yes |
Silva 2012 | Brazil | ITT | Glyburide | Metformin | 96 | 104 | 28.61 ± 5.88 | 28.68 ± 5.37 | 31.29 ± 5.36 | 32.63 ± 5.61 | 25.44 ± 7.13 | 26.96 ± 6.44 | Yes |
George 2015 | India | ITT | Glyburide | Metformin | 53 | 51 | 28.8 ± 4 | 28.7 ± 4.4 | 33.6 ± 4.6 | 33.4 ± 4.4 | 29.7 ± 3.7 | 29.3 ± 3.3 | Yes |
Nachum 2017 | Israel | ITT | Glyburide | Metformin | 53 | 51 | 28.6 ± 4.7 | 28.6 ± 5.5 | 32.8 ± 5 | 33.6 ± 5.3 | 29.4 ± 4 | 29.6 ± 4.1 | Yes |