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Table 1 Characteristics of study participants according to tertiles of DASH and MED dietary patterns1

From: The Mediterranean diet and dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH)-style diet are differently associated with lipid profile in a large sample of Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study of Shahedieh cohort

 

MED

DASH

T1 (n = 1771)

T2 (n = 1181)

T3 (n = 1788)

P-value2

T1 (n = 1475)

T2 (n = 1840)

T3 (n = 1425)

P-value2

Sex

   

0.01*

   

0.01*

 Male

62.3 (1104)

61.1 (722)

57.6 (1030)

 

62.6 (923)

57 (1049)

62 (884)

 

 Female

37.7 (667)

38.9 (459)

42.4 (758)

 

37.4 (552)

43 (791)

38 (541)

 

Age (year)

   

0.10

   

0.01*

 30-39

7.1 (126)

6.8 (80)

6.5 (116)

 

7.4 (109)

7.5 (138)

5.3 (75)

 

 40-49

48.2 (854)

48.6 (574)

45.6 (815)

 

54.8 (809)

46.4 (853)

40.8 (581)

 

 50-59

29.5 (522)

29.2 (345)

31 (555)

 

26 (384)

30.5 (561)

33.5 (477)

 

 ≥ 60

15.2 (269)

15.4 (182)

16.9 (302)

 

11.7 (173)

15.7 (288)

20.5 (292)

 

BMI

   

0.36

   

0.42

 Normal

28.2 (501)

33.0 (390)

27.9 (500)

 

30.5 (450)

31.0 (590)

28.0 (500)

 

 Overweight

33.5 (594)

25.4 (301)

32.2 (630)

 

33.4 (494)

31.5 (600)

35.7 (510)

 

 Obese

31.1 (552)

41.0 (485)

29.6 (531)

 

27.1 (401)

26.6 (506)

39.2 (559)

 

Married status

   

0.03*

   

0.80

 Single

25.9 (458)

25.1 (297)

25.2 (450)

 

24.4 (360)

26.1 (480)

25.6 (365)

 

 Married

62.1 (1099)

59.4 (702)

60.9 (1089)

 

62.4 (921)

59.8 (1100)

61 (869)

 

 Divorced

11.3 (208)

14.8 (175)

13.3 (237)

 

12.8 (185)

13.7 (253)

12.8 (183)

 

Education

   

0.08

   

0.26

 Illiterate

29.4 (521)

29 (343)

28.7 (513)

 

27.1 (399)

29.9 (550)

30 (428)

 

 Primary school

19.7 (349)

19.9 (235)

19.1 (342)

 

20.7 (306)

19.2 (354)

18.7 (266)

 

 Diploma3

23 (408)

24.8 (293)

22.6 (404)

 

25 (369)

22.8 (419)

22.2 (317)

 

 University

26.9 (393)

26.2 (310)

29.7 (527)

 

19.9 (280)

18.3 (316)

29.1 (414)

 

Smoking

   

0.33

   

0.01*

 No

73 (1292)

72.1 (852)

73.9 (1321)

 

75 (1028)

74.4 (1368)

69.7 (1069)

 

 Yes

25.3 (448)

26.3 (311)

23.8 (425)

 

28.9 (427)

23.6 (435)

22.6 (322)

 

Physical activity

   

0.69

   

0.40

 Sedentary

39.2 (502)

29.8 (564)

31.8 (446)

 

27.3 (380)

36.3 (663)

35.5 (507)

 

 Moderate

33.5 (494)

34.3 (613)

32.9 (472)

 

33.5 (494)

33.3 (613)

33.1 (446)

 

 Active

27.3 (380)

36.3 (663)

35.5 (507)

 

39.2 (502)

29.8 (564)

31.8 (446)

 

Social-economic status

   

0.28

   

0.36

 Poor

25.8 (381)

26.9 (494)

33.5 (478)

 

33.5 (478)

28.8 (381)

26.9 (494)

 

 Moderate

33.4 (492)

37 (683)

32.3 (460)

 

32.3 (460)

33.4 (492)

37 (683)

 

 Good

37.4 (552)

36.3 (663)

34.2 (487)

 

34.2 (487)

37.4 (552)

36.3 (663)

 

Total energy intake

   

0.16

   

0.27

 800-2225

28.2 (500)

28.9 (342)

22.5 (403)

 

24.3 (359)

24.6 (453)

30.1 (430)

 

 2225-3650

18.2 (324)

19 (225)

22.7 (406)

 

23.7 (350)

19.9 (367)

25.2 (360)

 

 3650-5075

22.7 (403)

26.2 (310)

22.2 (398)

 

30.7 (453)

25.4 (468)

22.4 (320)

 

 5075-6500

18.2 (490)

21.6 (256)

23.8 (427)

 

21 (310)

22.9 (423)

21.5 (307)

 
  1. 1Data are reported as a percent (number). T1: first tertile; T2: second tertile; T3: third tertile
  2. 2Chi-squared test
  3. 3Diploma: middle school diploma, and high school diploma
  4. *Values with distinct superscripts are significantly different at P < 0.05