Table 1 Characteristics of the BASUN population at baseline
Medical.treatment | RYGB | SG | Discontinued | SMD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | 382 | 388 | 201 | 156 | |
Male - n (%) | 103 ( 27.2) | 87 ( 22.4) | 49 ( 24.4) | 53 ( 34.0) | |
BMI, kg/m2 - mean (SD) | 41.0 (5.4) | 42.5 (4.1) | 42.8 (4.9) | 41.2 (5.6) | 0.223 |
Age, years - mean (SD) | 47.6 (14.2) | 42.03 (11.3) | 40.89 (11.0) | 30.5 (159.0) | 0.235 |
Born in Sweden - n(%) | 226 ( 80.7) | 249 ( 87.7) | 137 ( 86.2) | 50 ( 74.6) | 0.194 |
Marital status - n (%) | 0.277 | ||||
Married | 145 ( 43.7) | 144 ( 40.8) | 83 ( 44.6) | 37 ( 48.1) | |
Cohabitation | 61 ( 18.4) | 97 ( 27.5) | 38 ( 20.4) | 8 ( 10.4) | |
Relationship w/o cohabitation | 9 ( 2.7) | 13 ( 3.7) | 11 ( 5.9) | 3 ( 3.9) | |
Single | 115 ( 34.6) | 98 ( 27.8) | 53 ( 28.5) | 28 ( 36.4) | |
Living w parents | 2 ( 0.6) | 1 ( 0.3) | 1 ( 0.5) | 1 ( 1.3) | |
Education - n (%) | 0.268 | ||||
Elementary school | 51 ( 15.5) | 42 ( 12.2) | 15 ( 8.2) | 10 ( 12.8) | |
Vocational secondary education | 34 ( 10.3) | 35 ( 10.2) | 24 ( 13.2) | 11 ( 14.1) | |
Two year secondary education | 36 ( 10.9) | 57 ( 16.6) | 27 ( 14.8) | 13 ( 16.7) | |
Three year secondary education | 75 ( 22.8) | 108 ( 31.5) | 47 ( 25.8) | 19 ( 24.4) | |
Started tertiary education | 54 ( 16.4) | 46 ( 13.4) | 40 ( 22.0) | 12 ( 15.4) | |
University degree | 79 ( 24.0) | 55 ( 16.0) | 29 ( 15.9) | 13 ( 16.7) | |
Nicotine - n (%) | 0.232 | ||||
Non-smoker | 162 ( 57.9) | 161 ( 49.2) | 97 ( 54.2) | 34 ( 43.0) | |
Ex-smoker | 85 ( 30.4) | 131 ( 40.1) | 61 ( 34.1) | 30 ( 38.0) | |
Smoker | 24 ( 8.6) | 24 ( 7.3) | 14 ( 7.8) | 11 ( 13.9) | |
Hemoglobin, g/L - mean (SD) | 141.5 (12.5) | 141.4 (11.0) | 141.5 (12.1) | 143.2 (12.3) | 0.075 |
Glucose, mmol/L - mean (SD) | 6.6 (2.3) | 6.5 (2.3) | 6.4 (1.7) | 6.9 (2.4) | 0.112 |
HbA1c, mmol/mol - mean (SD) | 39.8 (12.1) | 39.7 (11.6) | 38.8 (9.0) | 41.8 (13.3) | 0.129 |
TSH, mIE/L - mean (SD) | 2.7 (5.5) | 2.4 (1.5) | 2.7 (2.1) | 3.3 (8.5) | 0.094 |
T4, pmol/L - mean (SD) | 37.4 (389.2) | 15.4 (2.2) | 15.4 (3.4) | 15.5 (2.4) | 0.046 |
ASAT, μkat/L - mean (SD) | 0.5 (0.2) | 0.5 (0.5) | 0.5 (0.2) | 0.5 (0.2) | 0.088 |
ALAT, μkat/L - mean (SD) | 0.6 (0.3) | 0.7 (0.4) | 0.6 (0.5) | 0.6 (0.4) | 0.084 |
Triglycerides, mmol/L - mean (SD) | 1.6 (0.8) | 1.6 (1.0) | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.7 (0.9) | 0.354 |
HDL, mmol/L - mean (SD) | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.3) | 1.3 (0.2) | 1.2 (0.4) | 0.120 |
LDL, mmol/L - mean (SD) | 3.2 (0.9) | 3.3 (0.9) | 3.5 (0.9) | 3.3 (1.0) | 0.170 |
Creatinin, mmol/L - mean (SD) | 76.4 (54.1) | 71.4 (11.1) | 68.2 (9.5) | 73.3 (15.8) | 0.209 |
U-Albumin, mg/L - mean (SD) | 54.4 (262.5) | 21.5 (38.5) | 13.6 (13.8) | 38.4 (98.8) | 0.221 |
TFEQ CR score - mean (SD) | 2.3 (0.7) | 2.3 (0.6) | 2.3 (0.7) | 2.3 (0.7) | 0.064 |
TFEQ UE score - mean (SD) | 2.3 (0.8) | 2.2 (0.8) | 2.3 (0.8) | 2.2 (0.8) | 0.059 |
TFEQ EE score - mean (SD) | 2.49 (0.96) | 2.32 (0.93) | 2.38 (0.89) | 2.3 (1.0) | 0.093 |
QEWP BE - n (%) | 25 ( 7.8) | 20 ( 5.7) | 14 ( 7.5) | 4 ( 5.9) | 0.052 |
QEWP BN - n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
QEWP BN w CB - n (%) | 0 ( 0.0) | 5 ( 1.4) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.085 |
AUDIT score - mean (SD) | 2.8 (2.9) | 2.8 (2.6) | 3.1 (3.0) | 2.6 (3.0) | 0.078 |
BAI, potential anxiety - n (%) | 97 ( 27.6) | 74 ( 20.6) | 38 ( 20.2) | 27 ( 30.7) | 0.149 |
BAI score - mean (SD) | 11.7 (10.4) | 9.5 (8.9) | 9.5 (8.7) | 12.7 (13.5) | 0.187 |
EQ5D index value - mean (SD) | 0.8 (0.2) | 0.8 (0.2) | 0.8 (0.2) | 0.8 (0.2) | |
PHQO depression - n (%) | 0.248 | ||||
No depression | 230 ( 66.1) | 275 ( 77.0) | 144 ( 76.6) | 62 ( 70.5) | |
Mild depression | 67 ( 19.3) | 51 ( 14.3) | 23 ( 12.2) | 9 ( 10.2) | |
Moderate depression | 33 ( 9.5) | 25 ( 7.0) | 17 ( 9.0) | 13 ( 14.8) | |
Serious depression | 18 ( 5.2) | 6 ( 1.7) | 4 ( 2.1) | 4 ( 4.5) | |
PHQO score - mean (SD) | 7.6 (6.0) | 6.3 (5.1) | 6.6 (5.5) | 6.9 (6.5) | 0.119 |
SGQ - n(%) | 0.150 | ||||
Physically inactive | 163 ( 47.1) | 155 ( 43.5) | 73 ( 39.9) | 40 ( 46.0) | |
Some light physical activity | 156 ( 45.1) | 178 ( 50.0) | 96 ( 52.5) | 40 ( 46.0) | |
Regular physical activity and training | 22 ( 6.4) | 22 ( 6.2) | 13 ( 7.1) | 7 ( 8.0) | |
Regular hard physical training for competition sports | 5 ( 1.4) | 1 ( 0.3) | 1 ( 0.5) | 0 ( 0.0) | |
Antihyperglycemics - n (%) | 55 ( 14.4) | 56 ( 14.4) | 28 ( 13.9) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.293 |
Antihypertensives - n (%) | 141 ( 36.9) | 115 ( 29.6) | 59 ( 29.4) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.539 |
Lipid lowering - n (%) | 51 ( 13.4) | 50 ( 12.9) | 26 ( 12.9) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.279 |
Drugs for anxiety/depression - n (%) | 92 ( 24.1) | 71 ( 18.3) | 53 ( 26.4) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.450 |
Antipsychotics - n (%) | 13 ( 3.4) | 3 ( 0.8) | 6 ( 3.0) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.168 |
Analgetics - n (%) | 83 ( 21.7) | 58 ( 14.9) | 37 ( 18.4) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.394 |
Thyroid hormone replacement - n (%) | 50 ( 13.1) | 41 ( 10.6) | 26 ( 12.9) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.289 |
ADHD drugs - n (%) | 8 ( 2.1) | 2 ( 0.5) | 2 ( 1.0) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.122 |
PPI - n (%) | 51 ( 13.4) | 39 ( 10.1) | 30 ( 14.9) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.319 |
Anticoagulants - n (%) | 25 ( 6.5) | 18 ( 4.6) | 12 ( 6.0) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.201 |
Inhalations - n (%) | 32 ( 8.4) | 35 ( 9.0) | 19 ( 9.5) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.234 |
Other psychiatric disease - n (%) | 25 ( 6.5) | 13 ( 3.4) | 13 ( 6.5) | 6 ( 3.8) | 0.094 |
Depression/anxiety - n (%) | 42 ( 11.0) | 19 ( 4.9) | 20 ( 10.0) | 7 ( 4.5) | 0.155 |
Pulmonary disease - n (%) | 43 ( 11.3) | 33 ( 8.5) | 17 ( 8.5) | 4 ( 2.6) | 0.176 |
Hormonal disorders - n (%) | 36 ( 9.4) | 29 ( 7.5) | 25 ( 12.4) | 9 ( 5.8) | 0.129 |
Previous surgery - n (%) | 14 ( 3.7) | 6 ( 1.5) | 5 ( 2.5) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.158 |
Other medical condition - n (%) | 68 ( 17.8) | 54 ( 13.9) | 38 ( 18.9) | 9 ( 5.8) | 0.222 |
Other intestinal disease - n (%) | 22 ( 5.8) | 6 ( 1.5) | 14 ( 7.0) | 1 ( 0.6) | 0.210 |
Diabetes - n (%) | 49 ( 12.8) | 55 ( 14.2) | 26 ( 12.9) | 23 ( 14.7) | 0.034 |
Joint/back disorders - n (%) | 75 ( 19.6) | 61 ( 15.7) | 38 ( 18.9) | 13 ( 8.3) | 0.179 |
Sleep apnea - n (%) | 18 ( 4.7) | 14 ( 3.6) | 12 ( 6.0) | 3 ( 1.9) | 0.115 |
Hypertension - n (%) | 90 ( 23.6) | 77 ( 19.8) | 41 ( 20.4) | 19 ( 12.2) | 0.152 |
Disease of stomach/gallbladder - n (%) | 23 ( 6.0) | 8 ( 2.1) | 8 ( 4.0) | 3 ( 1.9) | 0.125 |
Neurological disease - n (%) | 3 ( 0.8) | 4 ( 1.0) | 3 ( 1.5) | 3 ( 1.9) | 0.057 |
Rheumatological disease - n (%) | 27 ( 7.1) | 27 ( 7.0) | 15 ( 7.5) | 6 ( 3.8) | 0.079 |
Vitamin/mineral deficiency - n (%) | 7 ( 1.8) | 4 ( 1.0) | 2 ( 1.0) | 1 ( 0.6) | 0.055 |
Malignancies - n (%) | 7 ( 1.8) | 2 ( 0.5) | 2 ( 1.0) | 1 ( 0.6) | 0.069 |
IBD/celiac disease - n (%) | 8 ( 2.1) | 2 ( 0.5) | 3 ( 1.5) | 2 ( 1.3) | 0.074 |
Hyperlipidemia - n (%) | 14 ( 3.7) | 18 ( 4.6) | 12 ( 6.0) | 2 ( 1.3) | 0.137 |
Cardiovascular disease - n (%) | 6 ( 1.6) | 3 ( 0.8) | 1 ( 0.5) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.103 |
Other cardiac disease - n (%) | 21 ( 5.5) | 11 ( 2.8) | 3 ( 1.5) | 3 ( 1.9) | 0.121 |
Chronic pain - n (%) | 6 ( 1.6) | 4 ( 1.0) | 6 ( 3.0) | 1 ( 0.6) | 0.098 |
Renal failure - n (%) | 3 ( 0.8) | 1 ( 0.3) | 1 ( 0.5) | 1 ( 0.6) | 0.040 |
VTE/hypercoagulability - n (%) | 3 ( 0.8) | 1 ( 0.3) | 4 ( 2.0) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.123 |