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Table 5 Odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals of diabetic nephropathy according to tertiles of dietary pattern intake among 105 cases and 105 controlsa

From: Dietary protein sources and risk of diabetic nephropathy in women: A case-control study

Patterns

Categories of dietary protein sources patterns

Tertile 1

Tertile 2

Tertile 3

P trend

Mediterranean-based dietary protein sources pattern

(< -0.72)

(-0.72–0.60)

(> 0.60)

 

No. cases/controls

60/10

27/43

18/52

 

Crude

1.00 (Ref )

0.13(0.05–0.34)

0.06(0.02–0.17)

< 0.001

Model 1

1.00 (Ref )

0.13(0.05–0.36)

0.05(0.01–0.16)

< 0.001

Model 2

1.00 (Ref )

0.06(0.02–0.25)

0.03(0.00-0.10)

< 0.001

Western-based dietary protein sources pattern

(< -0.36)

(-0.36–0.18)

(> 0.18)

 

No. cases/controls

26/44

38/32

41/29

 

Crude

1.00 (Ref )

2.00(1.01–3.97)

2.45(1.20-5.00)

0.01

Model 1

1.00 (Ref )

2.26(1.04–4.90)

3.03(1.38–6.69)

0.01

Model 2

1.00 (Ref )

2.20(0.93–5.22)

2.81(1.09–7.21)

0.03

  1. a Conditional logistic regression was used.
  2. Data are presented as odds ratio (95 % confidence interval).
  3. Model 1: Adjusted for age, body mass index, energy intake, and physical activity.
  4. Model 2: Adjusted for confounders in model 1 plus diabetes duration, cardiovascular diseases history, and drug usage (angiotensin receptor blockers; angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers, metformin, sulphonyl urea, and insulin).