Table 3 General characteristics and biochemical markers of participants across tertiles of dietary protein sources patterns among 105 cases and 105 controlsa
From: Dietary protein sources and risk of diabetic nephropathy in women: A case-control study
Variable | Mediterranean-based dietary protein sources pattern | Western-based dietary protein sources pattern | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tertile 1(< -0.72) | Tertile 2(-0.72–0.60) | Tertile 3(> 0.60) | P trendb | Tertile 1(< -0.36) | Tertile 2(-0.36–0.18) | Tertile 3(> 0.18) | P trend | |
Age (y) | 55.17 ± 6.94 | 55.03 ± 7.51 | 55.91 ± 6.818 | 0.54 | 55.73 ± 6.44 | 55.26 ± 7.18 | 55.13 ± 7.63 | 0.62 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.99 ± 5.25 | 27.04 ± 4.46 | 28.26 ± 3.81 | 0.34 | 28.72 ± 4.17 | 28.25 ± 4.67 | 27.32 ± 4.87 | 0.07 |
Diabetes duration (y) | 7.38 ± 2.1 | 7.88 ± 2.18 | 7.48 ± 2.26 | 0.80 | 7.61 ± 2.24 | 7.69 ± 2.13 | 7.44 ± 2.19 | 0.64 |
ACR | 214.41 ± 128.62 | 102.08 ± 123.84 | 59.78 ± 97.55 | < 0.001 | 96.04 ± 122.65 | 132.24 ± 142.7 | 147.99 ± 132.31 | 0.02 |
Albumin (mg/dl) | 13.71 ± 7.47 | 12.62 ± 13.03 | 7.83 ± 8.12 | 0.001 | 10.09 ± 8.81 | 12.17 ± 13.44 | 11.9 ± 7.11 | 0.29 |
SBP (mmHg) | 123.37 ± 16.5 | 123.19 ± 17.81 | 136.89 ± 120.318 | 0.26 | 121.76 ± 15.68 | 135 ± 120.98 | 126.69 ± 14.78 | 0.68 |
DBP (mmHg) | 82.36 ± 13.64 | 80.76 ± 13.22 | 81.23 ± 10.47 | 0.60 | 82.9 ± 12.59 | 79.66 ± 13.41 | 81.79 ± 11.32 | 0.60 |
FBS (mg/dl) | 171.36 ± 52.68 | 162.06 ± 50.19 | 148.53 ± 38.52 | 0.005 | 155.81 ± 56.96 | 152.5 ± 37.59 | 173.63 ± 56.26 | 0.03 |
HB A1c (%) | 8.73 ± 1.39 | 8.44 ± 1.39 | 7.87 ± 1.26 | < 0.001 | 8.28 ± 1.3 | 8.04 ± 1.35 | 8.71 ± 1.44 | 0.06 |
TC (mg/dl) | 187.96 ± 37.18 | 181.74 ± 35.41 | 171.1 ± 32.6 | 0.005 | 175.53 ± 37.75 | 182.79 ± 35.83 | 182.49 ± 33.21 | 0.25 |
TG (mg/dl) | 174.8 ± 56.71 | 161.4 ± 63.66 | 158.06 ± 64.41 | 0.11 | 180.97 ± 76.07 | 166.1 ± 54.89 | 147.19 ± 46.86 | 0.001 |
LDL (mg/dl) | 106.43 ± 30.74 | 104.54 ± 33.8 | 91.21 ± 26.79 | 0.004 | 96.53 ± 30.7 | 104.49 ± 33.14 | 101.17 ± 29.52 | 0.40 |
HDL (mg/dl) | 44.79 ± 9.27 | 46.46 ± 9.77 | 45.89 ± 8.76 | 0.48 | 46.11 ± 9.1 | 45.94 ± 9.12 | 45.07 ± 9.64 | 0.51 |
Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.93 ± 0.16 | 0.91 ± 0.17 | 0.86 ± 0.17 | 0.01 | 0.89 ± 0.16 | 0.91 ± 0.18 | 0.89 ± 0.17 | 0.77 |
BUN (mg/dl) | 16.52 ± 4.97 | 15.54 ± 3.61 | 14.39 ± 3.73 | 0.003 | 15.7 ± 3.63 | 15.48 ± 4.93 | 15.27 ± 4.04 | 0.55 |
PA (%) | Â | |||||||
Low | 19(27.1) | 25(35.7) | 24(34.3) | 0.68c | 28(40) | 19(27.1) | 21(30) | 0.44 |
Moderate | 27(38.6) | 23(32.9) | 20(28.6) | Â | 23(32.9) | 23(32.9) | 24(34.3) | Â |
High | 24(34.4) | 22(31.4) | 26(37.1) | Â | 19(27.1) | 28(40.0) | 25(35.7) | Â |
CVD history (%) | 15(21.4) | 18(25.7) | 14(20) | 0.7 | 11(15.7) | 15(21.4) | 21(30) | 0.12 |
ARB drugs user (%) | 34(48.6) | 39(55.7) | 32(45.7) | 0.48 | 32(45.7) | 33(47.1) | 40(57.1) | 0.34 |
ACEI drugs user (%) | 23(32.9) | 27(38.6) | 15(21.4) | 0.08 | 13(18.6) | 20(28.6) | 32(45.7) | 0.002 |
Beta-blocker drugs user (%) | 12(17.1) | 15(21.4) | 11(15.7) | 0.59 | 11(15.7) | 10(14.3) | 17(24.3) | 0.32 |
Metformin user (%) | 70(100) | 68(97.1) | 70(100) | 0.13 | 69(98.6) | 69(98.6) | 70(100) | 0.60 |
Sulfonylurea drugs user (%) | 47(67.1) | 45(64.3) | 41(58.6) | 0.56 | 43(61.4) | 47(67.1) | 43(61.4) | 0.72 |
Insulin user (%) | 18(25.7) | 23(32.9) | 20(28.6) | 0.64 | 21(30.0) | 17(24.3) | 23(32.9) | 0.52 |