Table 1 Clinical and phenotypic characteristics of the study participants

Age (years)

29.1± 9.53

27.3 ± 7.29

0.248

Age at diagnosis (year)

20.8 ± 8.46

-

-

Duration of disease (years)

7.00 [2.00; 11.0]

-

-

Gender

males, % (n)

54.6 (100)

34.7 (17)

0.013

Females, % (n)

45.4 (83)

65.3 (32)

Glucose (mmol/L)

9.20 [5.70; 13.2]^a

5.00 [4.50; 6.00]

<0.001

HbA1c (%)

10.6 ± 3.41

-

-

BMI (kg/m²)

23.7 [21.2; 27.8]

25.4 [23.4; 28.2]

0.023

ZnT8 AAb positivity (%; n)

17.5 (32)

2.0 (1)

0.006

GAD65 AAb positivity (%; n)

51.3 (80)^b

2.1 (1)^c

<0.001

IA2 AAb positivity (%; n)

12.8 (20)^b

6.5 (3)^d

0.237