| |
Total tested
|
Positive swab
|
Positive swab (died)
|
Odds ratio [95% CI]
|
P
|
|---|
|
Underweight (%)
|
1.53
|
1.57
|
3.27
|
1.62 [0.28–9.42]
|
> 0.05a
|
|
Normal weight (%)
|
27.09
|
23.57
|
18.03
|
Reference
|
|
Overweight (%)
|
40.95
|
41.94
|
39.67
|
0.98 [0.67–1.43]
|
> 0.05a
|
|
Obese I (%)
|
20.44
|
20.54
|
24.59
|
1.33 [0.87–2.01]
|
> 0.05a
|
|
Obese II (%)
|
9.98
|
12.36
|
14.42
|
1.70 [1.06–2.74]
|
< 0.05a
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
28.26 ± 5.22
|
28.79 ± 5.39
|
29.66 ± 5.74
|
1.04 [1.01–1.07]
|
< 0.001a
|
|
Waist:hip ratio (WHR)
|
0.89 ± 0.09
|
0.90 ± 0.09
|
0.93 ± 0.09
|
10.71 [1.57–73.06]
|
< 0.05a
|
|
Body fat (%)
|
32.06 ± 8.66
|
32.13 ± 8.60
|
32.17 ± 8.86
|
1.03 [1.01–1.05]
|
< 0.05a
|
|
CRP
|
3.01 ± 4.79
|
3.21 ± 5.83
|
3.88 ± 6.69
|
1.02 [1.00–1.04]
|
> 0.05a
|
|
Hypertension (%)
|
36.21
|
35.45
|
54.75
|
2.68
|
< 0.001b
|
|
Dyslipidaemia (%)
|
19.03
|
19.03
|
29.18
|
2.05
|
< 0.001b
|
|
Atrial fibrillation (%)
|
8.44
|
8.48
|
15.08
|
2.36
|
< 0.001b
|
|
Ventricular arrhythmia (%)
|
0.84
|
0.55
|
0.98
|
2.22
|
> 0.05b
|
|
Diabetes (%)
|
12.05
|
14.12
|
22.95
|
2.16
|
< 0.001b
|
|
Stroke (%)
|
2.36
|
2.18
|
3.93
|
2.25
|
> 0.05b
|
|
Angina (%)
|
11.37
|
11.09
|
17.38
|
1.97
|
< 0.001b
|
- Referenced to the normal weight category, participants with a BMI in the highest obesity category (obese II) demonstrate a greater odds ratio of Covid-19-related mortality. Similarly, concurrent cardiometabolic morbidity was also associated with higher mortality. Obesity was also classified as a categorical variable based on BMI (underweight, BMI < 18.5 kg/m2; normal weight, 18.5 to < 25 kg/m2; overweight, 25 to < 30 kg/m2; obese I, 30 to < 35 kg/m2; and obese II, ≥ 35 kg/m2). Anthropometric and clinical indices were treated as continuous variables. Logistic regression model adjusted for age and sex was used to calculate odds ratios for continuous variables (a). Chi-squared test was used for categorical variables (b)
