Table 2 Echocardiographic measurements in the left ventricle of (Cont, n = 8), control nicotinamide (Cont+NicA, n = 7), diabetic (Diab, n = 7), and diabetic nicotinamide (Diab+NicA, n = 8) groups

LVSD (cm)

0.54 ± 0.02

0.56 ± 0.01

0.46 ± 0.02

0.51 ± 0.01

p > 0.05

LVDD (cm)

0.87 ± 0.02

0.87 ± 0.01

0.77 ± 0.02*

0.83 ± 0.02

p < 0.05

IVSD (cm)

0.147 ± 0.03

0.152 ± 0.002

0.145 ± 0.006

0.125 ± 0.003

p > 0.05

PWD (cm)

0.150 ± 0.003

0.158 ± 0.003

0.148 ± 0.06

0.126 ± 0.003

p > 0.05

RWT (cm)

0.35 ± 0.02

0.36 ± 0.01

0.39 ± 0.02

0.31 ± 0.01

p > 0.05

EF (%)

76 ± 1

74 ± 1

79 ± 2

76 ± 2

p > 0.05

FS (%)

46.2 ± 7.7

44.6 ± 8.6

40.6 ± 1.6

45.9 ± 7.9

p > 0.05

IVRT (ms)

33.2 ± 0.8

29.4 ± 1.2

45.1 ± 1.8*

36 ± 1.6^#

p < 0.05

E’ (ms)

0.046 ± 0.003

0.045 ± 0.002

0.044 ± 0.001

0.042 ± 0.002

p > 0.05

A’ (ms)

0.037 ± 0.004

0.031 ± 0.001

0.048 ± 0.004

0.051 ± 0.004

p > 0.05

E/IVRT

0.021 ± 0.002

0.028 ± 0.002

0.013 ± 0.001*

0.018 ± 0.001^#

p < 0.05