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Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with diabetes and prediabetes among men in the Khuzestan study

From: Prevalence and determinants of diabetes and prediabetes in southwestern Iran: the Khuzestan comprehensive health study (KCHS)

Variables

Prediabetes

Diabetes

Unadjusted. RR

(95% CI)

Adjusted. RR*

(95% CI)

Unadjusted. RR

(95% CI)

Adjusted. RR*

(95% CI)

Age (years)

20–34.9

    

35–49.9

1.44 (1.30, 1.59)

1.38 (1.23, 1.55)

4.13 (3.38, 5.03)

3.56 (2.85, 4.46)

50–65

1.92 (1.72, 2.14)

1.82 (1.61, 2.07)

13.42 (11.08, 16.27)

11.56 (9.24, 14.47)

BMI (Kg/m2)

< 25

    

25–29.9

1.57 (1.42, 1.72)

1.46 (1.32, 1.61)

1.94 (1.71, 2.22)

1.66 (1.45, 1.90)

≥30

1.88 (1.68, 2.12)

1.72 (1.52, 1.94)

3.02 (2.60, 3.50)

2.47 (2.11, 2.88)

Waist circumference

(cm)

< 90

    

≥90

1.83 (1.68, 2.00)

1.66 (1.51, 1.82)

3.61 (3.16, 4.12)

2.85 (2.48, 3.27)

Hypertension

No

    

Yes

1.47 (1.32, 1.64)

1.37 (1.22, 1.53)

3.48 (3.08, 3.93)

3.00 (2.65, 3.41)

Diabetes

family history

No

    

Yes

1.28 (1.16, 1.40)

1.23 (1.12, 1.36)

2.65 (2.37, 2.97)

2.49 (2.21, 2.80)

Education

Illiterate

    

Elementary

1.05 (0.92, 1.21)

0.97 (0.84, 1.12)

0.69 (0.59, 0.81)

0.55 (0.47, 0.65)

Secondary

0.94 (0.82, 1.08)

0.85 (0.73, 1.00)

0.50 (0.42, 0.59)

0.37 (0.31, 0.45)

Higher education

0.97 (0.81, 1.15)

0.84 (0.69, 1.02)

0.40 (0.32, 0.51)

0.27 (0.21, 0.36)

  1. *Data are adjusted for cigarette smoking (never vs. ever), hookah smoking (never vs. ever), opium use (never vs. ever), alcohol use (never vs. ever), marital status (single vs. married), residence (urban vs. rural), ethnicity (Arab vs. Bakhtiari vs. Fars vs. Turk/Kurd/Lur), and wealth index (four quartiles)
  2. *RR Relative risk