Table 1 Clinical and ultrasonography characteristics of patients with premature sexual development in training and validation samples
Training (n = 314) | Validation (n = 313) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Central precocious puberty (%) | 172 (54.8) | 172 (55.0) | 0.9649 |
Clinical characteristics | |||
Age at onset of puberty [mean (SD), year] | 6.5 (1.6) | 6.5 (1.6) | 0.8132 |
Chronological age [mean (SD), year] | 7.5 (1.6) | 7.6 (1.7) | 0.9460 |
Bone age [mean (SD), year] | 9.6 (7.5) | 8.9 (2.3) | 0.1415 |
Bone age/ Chronological age (SD) | 1.2 (0.2) | 1.2 (0.2) | 0.8146 |
Duration of disease [mean (SD), year] | 1.1 (0.9) | 1.0 (0.8) | 0.7547 |
Family history of central precocious puberty (%) | 5 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0.0250 |
Tanner stage for breast development | |||
Left (%) | 0.5959 a | ||
I | 9 (2.9) | 9 (2.9) | |
II | 200 (64.5) | 211 (68.5) | |
III | 98 (31.6) | 87 (28.3) | |
IV | 3 (1.0) | 1 (0.3) | |
Right (%) | 0.4052 a | ||
I | 12 (3.9) | 8 (2.6) | |
II | 196 (63.2) | 211 (68.5) | |
III | 99 (31.9) | 88 (28.6) | |
IV | 3 (1.0) | 1 (0.3) | |
Tanner stage for pubic hair development (%) | 0.1860 a | ||
I | 277 (88.2) | 282 (90.1) | |
II | 32 (10.2) | 31 (9.9) | |
III | 4 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
IV | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
Height [mean (SD), cm] | 130.0 (11.6) | 129.9 (12.6) | 0.8986 |
Weight [mean (SD), kg] | 28.4 (6.8) | 28.8 (7.3) | 0.5405 |
BMI [mean (SD), kg/m2] | 16.7 (2.2) | 16.9 (2.4) | 0.3691 |
LH [Median (IQR), IU/L] | |||
Baseline | 0.43 (0.17, 1.07) | 0.43 (0.18, 1.02) | 0.6364 |
Stimulated | 10.45 (5.01, 21.36) | 9.55 (4.80, 24.97) | 0.9503 |
FSH [mean (SD), IU/L] | |||
Baseline | 3.7 (2.3) | 3.6 (2.2) | 0.6839 |
Stimulated | 16.7 (8.0) | 17.0 (7.8) | 0.6182 |
LH/FSH [Median (IQR)] | |||
Baseline | 0.14 (0.08, 0.29) | 0.14 (0.07, 0.30) | 0.5607 |
Stimulated | 0.75 (0.38, 1.46) | 0.72 (0.32, 1.45) | 0.7394 |
Estradiol [Median (IQR), pg/mL] | 15.0 (8.0, 29.5) | 14.0 (7.0, 26.8) | 0.4737 |
hCG [Median (IQR), IU/L] | 0.08 (0.00, 0.23) | 0.05 (0.00, 0.21) | 0.4128 |
Prolactin [mean (SD), ng/mL] | 10.7 (7.7) | 9.7 (5.8) | 0.1042 |
DHEAS [mean (SD), μg/dL] | 53.3 (38.3) | 53.5 (39.6) | 0.9594 |
Testosterone [Median (IQR), ng/dL] | 2.4 (0.0, 16.3) | 0.0 (0.0, 15.1) | 0.3793 |
Cortisol [mean (SD), μg/dL] | 8.3 (4.9) | 8.3 (4.7) | 0.9896 |
ACTH [Median (IQR), pg/mL] | 24.2 (17.8, 33.0) | 24.5 (18.0, 34.0) | 0.7214 |
Total triiodothyronine [mean (SD), ng/dL] | 139.8 (24.3) | 136.5 (25.1) | 0.0982 |
Free triiodothyronine [mean (SD), pg/mL] | 3.9 (0.6) | 3.8 (0.6) | 0.8073 |
Total thyroxine [mean (SD), μg/dL] | 9.0 (1.8) | 9.1 (1.8) | 0.3588 |
Free thyroxine [mean (SD), ng/dL] | 1.0 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.2) | 0.6164 |
TSH [mean (SD), μIU/mL] | 2.4 (1.4) | 2.2 (1.2) | 0.1302 |
Pelvic sonogram | |||
Ovarian volume | |||
Average ovarian (%) | 1.9 (0.9) | 1.9 (0.9) | 0.6001 |
< 1 mL | 40 (12.7) | 44 (14.1) | 0.8866 |
1- < 2 mL | 157 (50.0) | 155 (49.5) | |
≥ 2 mL | 117 (37.3) | 114 (36.4) | |
Largest ovarian (%) | |||
< 1 mL | 31 (9.9) | 34 (10.9) | 0.8914 |
1- < 2 mL | 142 (45.2) | 137 (43.8) | |
≥ 2 mL | 141 (44.9) | 142 (45.4) | |
Smallest ovarian (%) | |||
< 1 mL | 67 (21.3) | 73 (23.3) | 0.8138 |
1- < 2 mL | 160 (51.0) | 153 (48.9) | |
≥ 2 mL | 87 (27.7) | 87 (27.8) | |
Uterine | |||
Length | |||
< 3 cm | 278 (88.5) | 287 (91.7) | 0.1774 a |
3- < 4 cm | 36 (11.5) | 25 (8.0) | |
≥ 4 cm | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | |
Volume | |||
< 3 mL | 244 (77.7) | 251 (80.2) | 0.7287 |
3- < 4 mL | 42 (13.4) | 36 (11.5) | |
≥ 4 mL | 28 (8.9) | 26 (8.3) | |
Endometrium visible (%) | 40 (12.7) | 40 (12.8) | 0.9878 |