Table 1 Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the study population in subjects with and without the MetS at baseline
From: Hemoglobin concentration is associated with the incidence of metabolic syndrome
| Characteristics | Men (n = 3234) | P value | Women (n = 6726) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
MetS not present (n = 1895/58.6%) |
MetS present (1339/41.4%) |
MetS not present (n = 3694/54.9%) |
MetS present (n = 3032/45.1%) | |||
| Age, year | 57.29 ± 7.66 | 58.31 ± 7.46 | P < 0.001 | 53.38 ± 7.95 | 57.54 ± 7.31 | P < 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.75 ± 6.13 | 26.85 ± 4.51 | P < 0.001 | 23.17 ± 4.19 | 26.43 ± 9.99 | P < 0.001 |
| WC, cm | 84.26 ± 7.79 | 93.96 ± 7.22 | P < 0.001 | 78.44 ± 8.47 | 88.23 ± 7.88 | P < 0.001 |
| FPG, mmol/L | 5.8 (5.4–6.4) | 6.3 (5.9–7.2) | P < 0.001 | 5.5 (5.2–5.9) | 6.1 (5.7–6.9) | P < 0.001 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.7 (5.4–6.0) | 6.0 (5.6–6.5) | P < 0.001 | 5.7 (5.4–6.0) | 6.0 (5.6–6.4) | P < 0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 130.21 ± 17.81 | 139.94 ± 18.09 | P < 0.001 | 123.08 ± 17.30 | 135.66 ± 17.64 | P < 0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 80.69 ± 9.69 | 85.77 ± 9.68 | P < 0.001 | 76.96 ± 9.47 | 81.9 ± 9.62 | P < 0.001 |
| HDL-c, mmol/L | 1.27 ± 0.32 | 1.02 ± 0.25 | P < 0.001 | 1.36 ± 0.32 | 1.13 ± 0.25 | P < 0.001 |
| LDL-c, mmol/L | 2.61 ± 0.72 | 2.49 ± 0.75 | P < 0.001 | 2.60 ± 0.77 | 2.68 ± 0.80 | P < 0.001 |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.57 ± 0.93 | 4.55 ± 1.08 | P = 0.73 | 4.59 ± 1.03 | 4.81 ± 1.05 | P < 0.001 |
| TGs, mmol/L | 1.16 (0.87–1.54) | 2.10 (1.53–2.97) | P < 0.001 | 1.05 (0.81–1.37) | 1.91 (1.37–2.63) | P < 0.001 |
| NAFLD, n (%) | 438 (23.1) | 889 (66.4) | P < 0.001 | 857 (23.2) | 2017 (66.5) | P < 0.001 |
| Hemoglobin, g/L | 156.63 ± 11.51 | 159.62 ± 11.43 | P < 0.001 | 135.68 ± 11.56 | 139.58 ± 10.57 | P < 0.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 906 (49) | 615 (46.6) | P = 0.181 | 45 (1.3) | 31 (1.1) | P = 0.441 |
| Drinking, n (%) | 945 (51.2) | 723 (54.8) | P = 0.046 | 319 (9.1) | 229 (7.9) | P = 0.095 |
| Tea, n (%) | 673 (36.6) | 579 (44.6) | P < 0.001 | 766 (21.5) | 610 (20.6) | P = 0.38 |
| UA, μmol/L | 282 ± 64.81 | 325.8 ± 74.83 | P < 0.001 | 207.30 ± 49.36 | 247.20 ± 61.25 | P < 0.001 |
| Insulin, pmol/L | 4.9 (3.4–6.7) | 7.9 (5.8–10.5) | P < 0.001 | 5.8 (4.3–7.5) | 8.7 (6.5–11.5) | P < 0.001 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 128.76 ± 24.89 | 122.76 ± 28.34 | P < 0.001 | 128.76 ± 24.89 | 121.09 ± 23.24 | P < 0.001 |
| Heart rate, b/min | 76.97 ± 12.65 | 78.62 ± 11.716 | P < 0.001 | 80.34 ± 11.61 | 81.44 ± 11.97 | P < 0.001 |
| Education, n (%) | P = 0.719 | P < 0.001 | ||||
| Literate or semi-literate | 37 (2.0) | 20 (1.5) | 123 (3.4) | 187 (6.2) | ||
| Primary school | 311 (16.5) | 215 (16.1) | 548 (14.9) | 757 (25.1) | ||
| Junior high school | 954 (50.7) | 665 (49.9) | 1830 (49.9) | 1392 (46.2) | ||
| High school | 403 (21.4) | 307 (20.3) | 1037 (28.3) | 610 (20.2) | ||
| College (or) and above | 175 (9.3) | 127 (9.5) | 130 (3.5) | 70 (2.3) | ||