Fruits and dairy products | Red meat and plant- based foods | Snacks and high-fat foods | Carbohydrate-rich foods | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 | Q4 | Q1 | Q4 | Q1 | Q4 | Q1 | Q4 | |
Age | 30.5 ± 5.7 | 29.2 ± 5.3 | 29.5 ± 5.9 | 30.2 ± 5.6 | 31.4 ± 5.4 | 28.3 ± 5.8 | 29.8 ± 5.4 | 30.0 ± 5.6 |
P * | 0.010 | 0.255 | < 0.001 | 0.615 | ||||
Weight pre- pregnancy | 66.4 ± 13.1 | 66.1 ± 11.6 | 64.8 ± 11.3 | 66.9 ± 10.6 | 67.2 ± 11.8 | 63.2 ± 13.1 | 66.9 ± 12.1 | 66.6.1 ± 13.6 |
P ** | 0.915 | 0.344 | 0.135 | 0.815 | ||||
BMI pre- pregnancy | 25.6 ± 4.8 | 25.8 ± 4.4 | 25.9 ± 4.4 | 25.8 ± 4.6 | 25.8 ± 4.4 | 26.4 ± 4.5 | 25.8 ± 4.2 | 26.4 ± 4.9 |
P ** | 0.996 | 0.844 | 0.178 | 0.235 | ||||
Weight gain | 8.6 ± 5.1 | 8.1 ± 4.9 | 8.2 ± 5.1 | 8.0 ± 4.6 | 8.2 ± 4.6 | 8.2 ± 5.3 | 8.2 ± 5.2 | 8.1 ± 5.1 |
P ** | 0.120 | 0.768 | 0.997 | 0.530 | ||||
Education | ||||||||
Non or primary | 30.6 % | 19.8 % | 25.4 % | 26 % | 18 % | 35.3 % | 26.7 % | 31.4 % |
High school and diploma | 39.3 % | 43 % | 46.8 % | 38.7 % | 34.9 % | 42.2 % | 45.3 % | 37.8 % |
College and university | 30.1 % | 37.2 % | 27.7 % | 35.3 % | 47.1 % | 22.5 % | 27.9 % | 30.8 % |
p *** | 0.061 | 0.086 | < 0.001 | 0.202 | ||||
Number of pregnancies | ||||||||
First | 33.1 % | 33.5 % | 29.7 % | 28.3 % | 24.3 % | 39.5 % | 32.9 % | 27.3 % |
Second | 32 % | 37.6 % | 32 % | 34.7 % | 37.6 % | 34.3 % | 30.6 % | 39.5 % |
Third and more | 34.9 % | 28.9 % | 38.4 % | 37 % | 38.2 % | 26.2 % | 36.4 % | 33.1 % |
p *** | 0.459 | 0.331 | 0.004 | 0.184 | ||||
Job | ||||||||
House wife | 89 % | 87.2 % | 89.6 % | 88.4 % | 82.6 % | 91.3 % | 92.4 % | 88.3 % |
Employee | 8.1 % | 11.6 % | 6.9 % | 9.8 % | 15.1 % | 7.6 % | 5.2 % | 11.1 % |
Self-employment | 2.9 % | 1.2 % | 3.5 % | 1.7 % | 2.3 % | 1.2 % | 2.3 % | 0.6 % |
p *** | 0.533 | 0.357 | 0.134 | 0.003 | ||||
Socioeconomic status | ||||||||
Very low | 20.2 % | 6 % | 20.8 % | 10.8 % | 9.4 % | 17.3 % | 17.5 % | 13.5 % |
Lower medium | 27.2 % | 45.2 % | 27.2 % | 37.7 % | 38.8 % | 32.7 % | 33.7 % | 30.6 % |
Medium | 52.6 % | 47 % | 50.9 % | 49.1 % | 48.2 % | 48.8 % | 46.4 % | 54.7 % |
High | 0 % | 1.8 % | 1.2 % | 2.4 % | 3.5 % | 1.2 % | 2.4 % | 1.2 % |
p *** | < 0.001 | 0.181 | 0.059 | 0.456 |