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Table 2 Summary of binary outcomes between pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism treated with and without levothyroxine, expressed risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)

From: Levothyroxine and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with subclinical hypothyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Outcomes

No. of studies

Pooled sample

Risk ratio

(95% CI)*

Fetal

 Congenital malformation

1

336

0.37 (0.02 to 6.8)

 Fetal distress

1

457

0.78 (0.59 to 1.0)

 Fetal macrosomia

1

457

0.32 (0.19 to 0.56)

 Intrauterine growth restriction

2

5771

1.06 (0.59 to 1.90)

 Oligohydramnios

1

457

1.48 (0.60 to 3.7)

 Placenta abruption

5

6928

0.98 (0.37 to 2.61)

 Placenta previa

1

366

0.49 (0.03 to 9.5)

 Spontaneous abortion

4

366

0.45 (0.13 to 1.56)

 Pregnancy loss (still births and spontaneous abortions)

10

7342

0.79 (0.67 to 0.93)

Perinatal

 Postpartum hemorrhage

3

746

0.88 (0.18 to 4.22)

 Premature rupture of membranes

3

6228

0.94 (0.52 to 1.70)

 Preterm delivery

7

7217

0.77 (0.47 to 1.25)

 Preterm labour

2

5862

1.05 (0.56 to 1.97)

 Still birth

4

536

NA

Neonatal

 APGAR under 7 at five minutes

3

1209

0.42 (0.03 to 5.31)

 Low birth weight

5

1759

0.80 (0.26 to 2.43)

 Neonatal death

2

1013

0.35 (0.17 to 0.72)

  1. *When only one study has the reported response, the data summarized are taken from the single study
  2. NA No stillbirths were observed in control or treatment groups in any studies reporting this outcome