Table 2 Characteristic of the included studies on the prevalence of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity
Author, year | Country | Study type | Study year | Study population | Sampling | Sample size | Mean age/ Range | Outcome | Definition/Criteria | Prevalence% (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Payab, 2017 [13], | Iran | C/S | 2015 | Military | Convenience | 2200 | 37.73 | Overweight Obesity Abdominal Obesity | 25.9 ≤ BMI < 29.9 kg/m2 BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 WC > 90 cm | 47.59 (45.4–49.7) 15.05 (13.6–16.6) 45.4 (43.3–47.5) |
Rush, 2016 [19], | US | C/S | 2001 | Military | Randomly | 77,047 | 42 | Overweight Obesity | 25 ≤ BMI < 29.9 kg/m2 BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 51.0 (50.6–51.3) 23.0 (22.7–23.3) |
Gasier, 2016 [20], | US | C | Not provided | Navy (Submariners) | Convenience | 53 | 29 | BF% Overweight Obesity | BF ≥ 25% | 27.0 (15.7–40.6) |
25 ≤ BMI < 29.9 kg/m2 | 6.0 (1.5–16.6) | |||||||||
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 62.0 (47.8–74.9) | |||||||||
Baygi, 2016 [21], | Iran | C/S | 2015 | Sefarers | Convenience | 234 | 36 | Abdominal obesity Excess weight | WC > 95 cm | 38.5 (32.3–45.0) |
BMI > 25 kg/m2 | 51.1 (44.7–57.8) | |||||||||
Fajfrova,2016 [22], | Czech Republic | C/S |  | Armed Forces | Convenience | 69,962 | 40 | Overweight Obesity | – | 51.5 (51.0–52.0) 14.0 (13.7–14.2) |
Rhee, 2015 [23], | Korea | C/S | 2014 | Military aviators | Convenience | 911 | 24–49 | Abdominal obesity | WC > 90 cm | 25.3 (22.5–28.2) |
Reyes-Guzman, 2015 [24], | US | C/S | 2008 | Military | Randomly | 90,905 | 25–46 | Overweight Obesity | 25 ≤ BMI < 29.9 kg/m2 | 47.8 (47.4–48.3) |
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 9.6 (9.4–9.7) | |||||||||
Lennon, 2015 [25], | US | C/S | 2012 | Sailor | Convenience | 313,513 | 17–50 | Obesity | BMI > 30 kg/m2 | 13.6 (13.4–13.7) |
Hruby, 2015 [26], | US | C/S | 2012 | Army | Convenience | 1,703,150 | 20–40 | Overweight Obesity | 25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2 BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 33.6 (33.5–33.6) 8.2 (8.1–8.2) |
BinHoraib, 2013 [15], | Saudi Arabia | C/S | 2009 | Military | Multi-stage stratified random | 10,229 | 34.1 | Overweight Obesity Abdominal obesity | 25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2 | 40.9 (39.9–40.7) |
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 29.0 (28.1–29.9) | |||||||||
WC > 90 cm | 42.4 (41.4–43.3) | |||||||||
Binkowska-Bury, 2013 [28], | Poland | C/S | 2010 | Military | Convenience | 37,916 | 19 | Overweight Obesity | 25 ≤ BMI < 29.9 kg/m2 | 12.6 (12.2–12.9) |
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 3.0 (2.8–3.1) | |||||||||
Marion,2012 [29], | US | C/S | 2008 | Navy | Convenience | 26,341 | 26.5 | Obesity | BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 15.9 (15.4–16.3) |
Smith, 2012 [30], | US | Not provided | 2005 | Military | Convenience | 28,602 | 17–40 | Excess weight | BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 | 58.9 (58.3–59.4) |
Scovill, 2012 [31], | US | C/S | Not provided | Mariner | Convenience | 388 | 44 | Obesity | BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 61.0 (56.0–65.9) |
Pasiakos, 2012 [32], | US | L | Not provided | Army | Convenience | 209 | 21 | Obesity | BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 14.0 (9.6–19.5) |
Sundin, 2011 [34], | UK | Not provided | 2006 | Armed Forces | Stratified Random Sampling | T:2470 M:2148 F:311 | 28.3 | Overweight T M F Obesity T M F | 25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2 | 29.6 (27.7–31.4) |
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 30.5% (28.6–32.5) 27.1% (22.2–32.3) 13.5 (12.2–14.9) 13.5% (12.1–15.0) 13.5% (10.0–17.9) | |||||||||
Hansen, 2011 [35], | Denmark | Not provided | 2010 | Seafarers | Convenience | 2101 | 18–64 | Overweight | 25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2 | 66.0 (36.9–67.9) |
Costa, 2011 [36], | Brazil | C/S | 2008 | Navy | Convenience | 1383 | 30.7 | Abdominal obesity | WC ≥ 90 cm | 35.0 (32.5–37.6) |
Mullie, 2010 [37], | Belgium | C/S | 2007 | Army | Random | 974 | 44.0 | Obesity | BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 15.2 (13.3–17.9) |
Wenzel, 2009 [38], | Brazil | C/S | 2000 | Military Air force | Convenience | 380 | 19–49 | Overweight Obesity | 25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2 | 36.0 (31.3–41.1) |
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 8.0 (5.5–11.2) | |||||||||
Saely, 2009 [39], | Switzerland | C | 2004 | Army | Convenience | 56,784 | 19.7 | Overweight Obesity | 25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2 | 16.8 (16.5–17.1) |
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 4.1 (3.9–4.2) | |||||||||
Mullie, 2008 [40], | Belgium | C/S | 1992–2005 | Army | Convenience | 43,343 | 20–59 | Overweight Obesity | 25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2 BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 34.9 (34.4–35.3) 3.5 (3.3–3.6) |
Napradit, 2007 [42], | Thailand | C/S | 2005 | Army | Convenience | 4276 | 41.5 | Overweight Obesity | 25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2 BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 27.1 (25.7–28.4) 4.9 (4.3–5.6) |
Khazale, 2007 [43], | Jordan | C | 2006 | Air force | Convenience | 111 | 32.5 | Abdominal obesity | WC > 102 cm | 9.3 (4.6–16.3) |
Hoeyer, 2005 [45], | Denmark | Not provided | Not provided | Seafarers | Convenience | 1257 | 16–66 | Overweight Obesity | 25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2 | 17.1 (15.1–19.2) |
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 5.8 (4.6–7.3) | |||||||||
Al-Qahtani, 2005 [46], | Saudi Arabia | C/S | 2004 | Soldiers | Convenience | 1049 | 36.1 | Overweight Obesity | 25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2 | 37.5 (34.5–40.4) |
BMI ≥ 30 kg/ | 31.6 (28.7–34.4) | |||||||||
Al-Qahtani, 2005 [47], | Saudi Arabia | C/S | 2004 | Soldiers | Convenience | 1079 | 20–60 | Abdominal Obesity | WC > 102 cm | 33.1 (30.3–36.0) |
Athyros, 2005 [48], | Greece | C/S | 2003 | Military | Convenience | 300 | 37.0 | Abdominal Obesity | WC > 102 cm | 13.7 (10.1–18.2) |
Bauduceau, 2005 [49], | France | C/S | 2003 | Military | Convenience | 2045 | 38.6 | Abdominal obesity | WC > 102 cm | 17.0 (15.4–18.7) |
Mazokopakis, 2004 [50], | Greece | C/S | 1998 | Warship personnel | Convenience | 274 | 24.4 | Overweight Obesity | 25 ≤ BMI < 29.9 kg/m2 | 26.5 (21.2–31.9) |
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 4.7 (2.6–8.1) | |||||||||
Lindquist, 2001 [51], | US | C/S | 1995–1998 | Military | Convenience | 33,457 | 20–35 | Overweight | BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 | 52.0 (51.4–52.5) |