Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of participants (N =776), by number of parity
Variable | Parity | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | ≥4 | ||
N (%) | 217(28.0) | 283(36.5) | 179(23.0) | 97(12.5) | Â |
Age, mean (SD) | 54.40 ± 4.42 | 59.62 ± 5.60 | 63.21 ± 5.99 | 64.87 ± 5.97 | < 0.001 |
WC (cm) | 77.71 ± 6.17 | 80.17 ± 6.43 | 82.43 ± 7.52 | 83.73 ± 7.92 | < 0.001 |
Hip circumference (cm) | 90.12 ± 4.72 | 91.67 ± 5.10 | 93.85 ± 7.07 | 95.09 ± 7.86 | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 21.65 ± 1.62 | 22.00 ± 1.41 | 21.95 ± 1.46 | 22.02 ± 1.50 | 0.118 |
FPG (mmol/L) | 5.45 ± 1.01 | 5.50 ± 0.79 | 5.54 ± 0.78 | 5.55 ± 0.77 | 0.024 |
2hPG (mmol/L) | 6.85 ± 2.69 | 7.33 ± 2.46 | 7.77 ± 2.57 | 8.32 ± 3.09 | < 0.001 |
HbA1C (%) | 5.76 ± 0.56 | 5.80 ± 0.51 | 5.85 ± 0.47 | 5.85 ± 0.48 | 0.017 |
HDL (mmol/L) | 1.58 ± 0.34 | 1.47 ± 0.33 | 1.50 ± 0.33 | 1.48 ± 0.30 | 0.006 |
LDL (mmol/L) | 3.4 ± 0.9 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 3.3 ± 0.8 | 3.3 ± 0.8 | 0.548 |
TC (mmol/L) | 5.79 ± 1.00 | 5.66 ± 1.05 | 5.63 ± 1.01 | 5.68 ± 0.99 | 0.340 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.50 ± 0.81 | 1.69 ± 1.12 | 1.66 ± 1.05 | 1.67 ± 0.89 | 0.131 |
SBP (mmHg) | 123.51 ± 15.89 | 129.12 ± 17.71 | 134.34 ± 17.60 | 137.61 ± 17.89 | < 0.001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 76.47 ± 10.01 | 76.56 ± 9.76 | 77.97 ± 9.72 | 79.36 ± 9.89 | 0.036 |
Age at menarche (y) | 15.68 ± 1.77 | 16.13 ± 1.72 | 16.47 ± 1.78 | 17.03 ± 1.96 | < 0.001 |
Age at menopause (y) | 49.31 ± 4.09 | 50.04 ± 3.87 | 49.77 ± 3.91 | 49.28 ± 5.07 | 0.269 |
Duration of reproductive years (y) | 33.64 ± 4.41 | 33.91 ± 4.03 | 33.30 ± 4.29 | 32.25 ± 5.31 | 0.033 |
Alcohol drinker, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.002 |
 Never (548) | 129 (59.4%) | 213 (75.3%) | 133 (74.3%) | 73 (75.3%) |  |
 Current (220) | 83 (38.2%) | 69 (24.4%) | 44 (24.6%) | 24 (24.7%) |  |
 Former (8) | 5 (2.3%) | 1 (0.4%) | 2 (1.1%) | 0 (0.0%) |  |
Smoking, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.868 |
 Never | 216 (99.54%) | 281 (99.29%) | 178 (99.44%) | 97 (100.00%) |  |
 Current | 1 (0.46%) | 2 (0.71%) | 1 (0.56%) | 0 (0.00%) |  |
Physical activity | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.201 |
 yes | 52 (23.96%) | 70 (24.73%) | 41 (22.91%) | 14 (14.43%) |  |
 no | 165 (76.04%) | 213 (75.27%) | 138 (77.09%) | 83 (85.57%) |  |
Educational attainment |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Illiteracy | 9 (4.15%) | 35 (12.37%) | 56 (31.28%) | 37 (38.14%) |  |
 Primary school | 56 (25.81%) | 101 (35.69%) | 73 (40.78%) | 43 (44.33%) |  |
 Middle school | 108 (49.77%) | 103 (36.40%) | 38 (21.23%) | 15 (15.46%) |  |
 High school | 41 (18.89%) | 37 (13.07%) | 11 (6.15%) | 2 (2.06%) |  |
 College or above | 3 (1.38%) | 7 (2.47%) | 1 (0.56%) | 0 (0.00%) |  |
FDR |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Yes | 175 (80.65%) | 255 (90.11%) | 163 (91.06%) | 94 (96.91%) |  |
 No | 42 (19.35%) | 28 (9.89%) | 16 (8.94%) | 3 (3.09%) |  |
MetS |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 No | 166 (76.5%) | 180 (63.6%) | 93 (52.0%) | 49 (50.5%) |  |
 Yes | 51 (23.5%) | 103 (36.4%) | 86 (48.0%) | 48 (49.5%) |  |