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Table 3 Multivariable analysis of variance of HbA1c (mmol/mol, %) variability in groups based on civil status, sex, BMI, education, and age

From: Sociodemographic factors associated with HbA1c variability in type 2 diabetes: a prospective exploratory cohort study

HbA1c variability mmol/mol

HbA1c variability %

 

Mean (95% CI)

Mean difference between groups (95% CI)

p

Mean (95% CI)

Mean difference between groups (95% CI)

p

Civil status

 In a relationship (n = 116)

2.94 (2.40, 3.49)

  

0.26 (0.21, 0.32)

  

 Single (n = 26)

3.72 (2.76, 4.69)

−0.78 (− 1.82, 0.26)

.142

0.34 (0.25, 0.43)

− 0.08 (− 0.18, 0.02)

.126

Sex

 Men (n = 96)

4.06 (3.41, 4.70)

  

0.37 (0.31, 0.43)

  

 Women (n = 46)

2.61 (1.81, 3.42)

1.44 (0.58, 2.31)

.001

0.24 (0.16, 0.31)

0.13 (0.05, 0.21)

.002

BMI

 Normal weight (n = 19)

2.54 (1.36, 3.71)

  

0.24 (0.13, 0.35)

  

 Overweight (n = 69)

3.37 (2.69, 4.06)

0.84a (−0.43, 2.10)

.192

0.31 (0.24, 0.37)

0.07a (−0.05, 0.19)

.244

 Obese (n = 54)

4.10 (3.37, 4.83)

1.56a (0.25, 2.88)

.020

0.36 (0.29, 0.43)

0.13a (0.00, 0.25)

.005

Education

 Elementary school (n = 43)

3.40 (2.51, 4.28)

  

0.32 (0.23, 0.40)

  

 High school (n = 57)

3.44 (2.66, 4.21)

0.04b (−0.95, 1.03)

.938

0.31 (0.23, 0.38)

0.01b (−0.10, 0.08)

.827

 University (n = 42)

3.17 (2.36, 3.98)

−0.23b (−1.28, 0.83)

.673

0.28 (0.21, 0.36)

−0.03b (− 0.13, 0.07)

.527

Age

  < 65 years (n = 38)

3.65 (2.76, 4.54)

  

0.34 (0.25, 0.42)

  

 65–70 years (n = 51)

3.51 (2.71, 4.31)

−0.14c (−1.19, 0.91)

.789

0.30 (0.22, 0.38)

−0.04c (− 0.14, 0.06)

.469

  > 70 years (n = 53)

2.84 (2.05, 3.64)

−0.81c (−1.86, 0.25)

.132

0.27 (0.20, 0.35)

−0.06c (− 0.16, 0.04)

.209

  1. amean difference in relation to BMI group “Normal weight”
  2. bmean difference in comparison to Education group “Elementary school”
  3. cmean difference in comparison to Age group “< 65 years”