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Table 1 Demographic, laboratory, and clinical characteristics of the enrolled subjects

From: Hepatic steatosis is associated with abnormal hepatic enzymes, visceral adiposity, altered myocardial glucose uptake measured by 18F-FDG PET/CT

Parameters

Overall sample

(n = 191)

NAFLD

(n = 33)

Non-NAFLD

(n = 158)

P value

Male (%)

67.5

81.8

64.6

0.054

Age (years)

48.8 ± 9.0

47.2 ± 7.4

49.1 ± 9.3

0.290

BMI (kg/m2)

24.8 ± 2.9

27.0 ± 2.8

24.4 ± 2.7

< 0.001*

Current smokers (%)

40.8

54.5

38.0

0.078

Diabetes mellitus (%)

13.1

27.3

10.1

0.008*

 Fasting glucose (mmol/L)

5.83 ± 1.19

6.28 ± 1.33

5.74 ± 1.15

0.017*

Insulin resistance (%)

18.8

45.5

13.3

< 0.001*

 HbA1c (%)

5.40 (5.20, 5.80)

5.50 (5.30, 6.10)

5.40 (5.20, 5.70)

0.043*#

 Fasting insulin (mIU/L)

6.01 (4.63, 8.52)

9.44 (7.71, 10.46)

5.54 (4.46, 7.50)

< 0.001*#

 HOMA-IR

1.53 (1.11, 2.31)

2.48 (2.07, 2.88)

1.41 (1.05, 1.98)

< 0.001*#

Dyslipidemia (%)

64.9

93.9

58.9

< 0.001*

 TC (mmol/ L)

5.05 ± 1.04

5.41 ± 0.99

4.98 ± 1.03

0.029*

 TG (mmol/ L)

2.29 (1.63, 3.21)

3.19 (2.55, 4.88)

2.15 (1.53, 2.84)

0.001*#

 HDL-C (mmol/ L)

1.17 ± 0.28

0.98 ± 0.18

1.21 ± 0.28

< 0.001*

 LDL-C (mmol/ L)

2.50 ± 0.64

2.67 ± 0.67

2.46 ± 0.64

0.085

TSH (μIU/ml)

2.09 (1.51, 3.09)

2.70 (1.79, 3.50)

2.05 (1.47, 2.95)

0.035*#

ALT (u/L)

25.0 (18.0, 34.0)

35.0 (29.0, 47.5)

22.0 (17.0, 30.0)

< 0.001*#

AST (u/L)

19.3 ± 5.6

25.6 ± 6.4

18.6 ± 5.2

< 0.001*

  1. NAFLD Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, BMI Body mass index, TC Total cholesterol, TG Triglyceride, HDL-C High density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, TSH Thyroid stimulating hormone, ALT Alanine aminotransferase, AST Aspartate aminotransferase. HOMA-IR = fasting glucose × fasting insulin / 22.5
  2. * indicates significant statistical differences, # indicates using Mann-Whitney U-test