ADA-recommended criteria for testing for prediabetes or T2DM in asymptomatic adults | |
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1. Testing should be considered in adults with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 (or ≥ 23 kg/m2 in Asian Americans) who have at least one of the following risk factors: (i) First-degree relative with diabetes (ii) Race/ethnicity related to high T2DM risk (iii) History of cardiovascular disease (iv) Hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg or on treatment for hypertension) (v) HDL-cholesterol plasma levels < 35 mg/dL (0.90 mmol/L) and/or triglyceride plasma levels > 250 mg/dL (2.82 mmol/L) (vi) Physical inactivity (vii) Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (viii) Other clinical conditions associated with insulin resistance (e.g. acanthosis nigricans) | |
2. Annual testing should be performed in patients with prediabetes [i.e. impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), or HbA1C ≥5.7% (39 mmol/mol)] | |
3. Lifelong testing at least every 3 years should be performed in women who were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) | |
4. Testing should begin at the age of 45 years for all other individuals | |
5. If results are normal, testing should be repeated at least every 3 years, with consideration for more frequent testing depending on the initial results and risk status. |