Diabetes diagnosis (n = 48) | After 6 years of intervention (n = 67) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (structured care/routine) | Structured personal care | Routine care | n (structured care/routine) | Structured personal care | Routine care | |
Sociodemographic | ||||||
Age (years) | 32/16 | 70.3 (8.4) | 70.8 (7.7) | 37/23 | 74.9 (7.8) | 72.9 (9.9) |
Male gender | 32/16 | 13 (40.6) | 10 (62.5) | 40/27 | 17 (42.5) | 13 (48.2) |
Live alonea | 32/16 | 14 (43.8) | 5 (31.3) | 34/22 | 18 (52.9) | 10 (45.5) |
Basic School educationa | 32/14 | 30 (93.8) | 13 (92.9) | 39/25 | 32 (82.1) | 19 (76.0) |
Clinical | ||||||
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 31/16 | 28.9 (4.4) | 28.9 (3.9) | 35/23 | 27.7 (5.0) | 28.9 (4.7) |
Hypertension | 32/16 | 23 (71.9) | 14 (87.5) | 37/23 | 26 (70.3) | 21 (91.3) |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 31/16 | 153.2 (25.5) | 152.4 (16.0) | 36/23 | 147.1 (20.7) | 153.3 (15.3) |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 31/16 | 83.7 (8.7) | 85.8 (12.3) | 36/23 | 78.2 (11.0) | 84.1 (9.2) |
Anti-diabetes treatment | 37/23 | |||||
Diet only | – | – | 11 (29.7) | 9 (39.1) | ||
Oral anti-diabetes treatment | – | – | 23 (62.2) | 9 (39.1) | ||
Insulin | – | – | 3 (8.1) | 5 (21.7) | ||
Biochemical | ||||||
Fasting plasma glucose# (mmol/l) | 32/16 | 13.1 (4.9) | 12.2 (3.2) | 30/17 | 9.3 (3.8) | 11.1 (7.0) |
Haemoglobin A1c (%)b | 23/15 | 9.8 (2.5) | 9.8 (1.7) | 35/21 | 8.4 (1.5) | 9.0 (2.0) |
Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 30/16 | 6.3 (1.7) | 6.1 (1.2) | 35/21 | 6.2 (1.2) | 6.1 (1.3) |
Fasting triglycerides (mmol/l) | 30/16 | 3.14 (6.4) | 1.76 (0.7) | 33/18 | 2.21 (1.3) | 2.24 (1.2) |
Serum creatinine (μmol/l) | 30/16 | 98.5 (29.5) | 104.3 (25.4) | 35/21 | 98.4 (36.2) | 99.0 (31.7) |
Urinary albumin | 28/16 | 33/19 | ||||
Normal | 19 (67.9) | 10 (62.5) | 20 (60.6) | 11 (57.9) | ||
Microalbuminuria | 9 (32.1) | 6 (37.5) | 11 (33.3) | 8 (42.1) | ||
Proteinuria | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (6.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
Behaviorala | ||||||
Sedentary physical activity | 32/16 | 9 (28.1) | 4 (25.0) | 34/22 | 15 (44.1) | 8 (36.4) |
Current smoking | 32/16 | 9 (28.1) | 1 (6.3) | 34/22 | 11 (32.4) | 4 (18.2) |
Patient attitudesa | ||||||
Self-rated health | 32/16 | 34/22 | ||||
Excellent | 3 (9.4) | 1 (6.3) | 5 (14.7) | 3 (13.6) | ||
Good | 9 (28.1) | 4 (25.0) | 7 (20.6) | 12 (54.6) | ||
Fair | 15 (46.9) | 10 (62.5) | 19 (55.9) | 6 (27.3) | ||
Poor/very poor | 5 (15.6) | 1 (6.3) | 3 (8.8) | 1 (4.6) | ||
Process of carea | ||||||
No. of consultations last year | – | – | 37/23 | 8.54 (4.7) | 9.30 (6.2) | |
No. of diabetes-related consultations last year | – | – | 37/23 | 4.19 (2.3) | 4.26 (2.4) |