Monthly follow-up (n = 693) | Bimonthly follow-up (n = 693) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline, mean ± SD or n (%) | Next year, mean ± SD or n (%) | Baseline, mean ± SD or n (%) | Next year, mean ± SD or n (%) | Bionthly - monthly difference (95% CI)a | |
HbA1c (%) | 6.0 ± 0.5 | 6.1 ± 0.6 | 6.0 ± 0.5 | 6.1 ± 0.5 | −0.02 (−0.07 to 0.03) |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 129.6 ± 15.6 | 129.4 ± 14.7 | 129.7 ± 15.9 | 129.8 ± 15.3 | 0.26 (−1.32 to 1.83) |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74.8 ± 9.6 | 74.4 ± 9.4 | 74.7 ± 9.8 | 74.4 ± 9.4 | 0.11 (− 0.87 to 1.09) |
LDL (mg/dl) | 118.0 ± 27.1 | 115.9 ± 25.5 | 119.2 ± 28.8 | 116.5 ± 26.8 | −0.61 (−3.06 to 1.83) |
HDL (mg/dl) | 59.3 ± 14.7 | 59.7 ± 15.2 | 59.2 ± 15.0 | 59.6 ± 15.3 | 0.01 (−0.79 to 0.81) |
TG (mg/dl) | 121.2 ± 66.8 | 125.9 ± 77.1 | 123.2 ± 69.9 | 124.3 ± 67.8 | −3.6 (−10.28 to 3.08) |
BMI | 23.4 ± 3.0 | 23.4 ± 3.0 | 23.4 ± 3.2 | 23.4 ± 3.2 | −0.06 (−0.13 to 0.02) |
Current smoker (%) | 63 (9.1) | 65 (9.4) | 71 (10.3) | 70 (10.1) | −0.43 (−2.11 to 1.24) |
Regular exercise (%) | 334 (48.2) | 356 (51.5) | 348 (50.2) | 365 (52.8) | −0.73 (−5.46 to 4.00)b |
Sleep well (%) | 595 (85.9) | 588 (85.3) | 598 (86.3) | 590 (85.5) | −0.43 (−4.16 to 3.29) |
Daily alcohol intake (%) | 141 (20.4) | 142 (20.5) | 150 (21.7) | 149 (21.5) | −0.29 (−2.45 to 1.87) |
Annual cost (JPY) | 161,294 ± 151,826 | 96,292 ± 179,272 | − 6500.17 (− 8253.53 to − 4746.80)§ |