Table 1 Baseline and follow-up biochemical and anthropometric characteristics comparing individuals who did and did not develop incidence diabetes after follow-up
Parameter | No diabetes (N = 5813) | p-value | Incident diabetes (n = 331) | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | Follow-up | Baseline | Follow-up | |||
Metabolic syndrome IDF (%) | 2455 (42.2%) | 2673 (46.0%) | <0.001 | 244 (73.7%) | 271 (81.9%) | <0.001 |
Metabolic syndrome ATP-III (%) | 1821 (31.3%) | 2040 (35.1%) | <0.001 | 217 (65.6%) | 276 (83.1%) | <0.001 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 85.35 ± 10.45 | 85.53 ± 11.89 | 0.227 | 97.47 ± 13.42 | 112.69 ± 38.41 | <0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.65 ± 4.58 | 28.74 ± 4.66 | 0.001 | 31.01 ± 5.19 | 30.79 ± 5.18 | 0.061 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 92.72 ± 11.44 | 93.57 ± 11.47 | <0.001 | 98.14 ± 12.40 | 98.92 ± 12.70 | 0.064 |
Waist-hip ratio | 0.88 (0.83–0.94) | 0.89 (0.84–0.94) | <0.001 | 0.91 (0.86–0.98) | 0.91 (0.86–0.96) | 0.482 |
Waist-height ratio | 0.57 (0.53–0.62) | 0.58 (0.54–0.62) | <0.001 | 0.60 (0.57–0.65) | 0.61 (0.57–0.67) | 0.086 |
Fasting triglycerides (mg/dL | 187.90 ± 141.26 | 174.20 ± 112.42 | <0.001 | 226.93 ± 154.87 | 207.59 ± 121.16 | 0.020 |
Fasting insulin (μI/mL) | 11.75 ± 7.64 | 12.11 ± 10.14 | 0.007 | 15.82 ± 10.30 | 17.26 ± 15.37 | 0.083 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 205.76 ± 40.94 | 197.78 ± 40.07 | <0.001 | 211.17 ± 40.69 | 202.69 ± 39.33 | <0.001 |
HDL-c (mg/dL) | 44.81 ± 11.69 | 41.71 ± 12.11 | <0.001 | 42.41 ± 10.97 | 40.20 ± 10.88 | <0.001 |
LDL-c (mg/dL) | 125.48 ± 32.09 | 122.64 ± 31.34 | <0.001 | 128.91 ± 32.61 | 126.18 ± 30.42 | 0.166 |
Non-HDL-c (mg/dL) | 160.94 ± 39.31 | 156.06 ± 37.87 | <0.001 | 168.76 ± 37.86 | 162.48 ± 36.50 | <0.001 |
Apolipoprotein B (mg/dL) | 108.27 ± 26.95 | 103.05 ± 26.11 | <0.001 | 114.92 ± 26.00 | 108.42 ± 27.60 | <0.001 |
C-reactive protein | 1.88 (0.97–3.91) | 1.82 (0.86–3.81) | 0.057 | 2.97 (1.45–5.32) | 3.04 (1.46–6.10) | 0.689 |