Table 3 Predictors of Lower extremity amputations
Predictor | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | P-Value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | ||||
Male | 5.28 (3.11–8.96) | < 0.001 | 3.50 (2.88–5.23) | < 0.001 |
Female | 1 | |||
Age at presentation | ||||
10 years’ age increase | 1.40 (1.19–1.65) | < 0.001 | 1.11 (1.06–1.22) | < 0.001 |
Duration of diabetes | ||||
5 year increase | 2.40 (0.92–3.14) | < 0.07 | – | |
Type of DM | ||||
Type 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
Type 2 | 6.20 (3.13–9.43) | < 0.001 | 8.21 (2.58–10.7) | < 0.001 |
Specific type | 0.50 (0.32–1.21) | 0.32 | ||
Body mass index | ||||
Each 5 kg/m2 increase | 5.3 (3.11–8.96) | < 0.001 | 3.2 (2.51–7.25) | < 0.001 |
Glycemic control | ||||
A percentage increase in HbA1c | 1.23 (1.08–1.42) | 0.003 | 1.11 (1.05–1.25) | 0.03 |
Dyslipidaemia | ||||
Present | 0.84 (0.51–1.36) | 0.47 | – | – |
Absent | 1 | |||
Complications | ||||
Hypertension | 1.51 (1.02–1.71) | < 0.001 | 1.14 (1.12–3.21) | < 0.001 |
Nephropathy | 1.6 (0.8–2.3) | 0.07 | – | – |
A 10/mL/min/1.73 m 2 drop in eGFR | ||||
Peripheral sensory neuropathy | 7.28 (6.38–9.21) | < 0.001 | 6.56 (6.21–8.52) | < 0.001 |
Peripheral Vascular Disease | 9.76 (5.67–12.21) | < 0.001 | 7.73 (4.39–9.53) | < 0.001 |