Table 1 Baseline clinical and biochemical characteristics at first outpatient presentation to the multidisciplinary foot clinic
Parameter | Total cohort (n = 513) | Reference range |
|---|---|---|
Age in years | 55.9 ± 12.3 |  |
Males | 322 (62.8%) | Â |
Remote areas | 153 (29.2%) | Â |
Indigenous ethnicity | 247 (48.2%) | Â |
Past Ulcers | 295 (57.5%) | Â |
Past amputations | 104 (20.3%) | Â |
Hypertension | 456 (88.9%) | Â |
Current Smoking | 234 (45.7%) | Â |
Non-compliance | 334 (65.1%) | Â |
Neuropathy | 458 (90%) | Â |
Retinopathy | 213 (49.8%) | Â |
PVD | 216 (42.6%) | Â |
Macrovascular disease | 174 (33.9%) | Â |
CKD | 241 (47.4%) | Â |
Insulin | 278 (54.2%) | Â |
Duration of ulcer > 4 weeks | 259 (50.5%) |  |
Mid and hind foot ulcers | 129 (25.5%) | Â |
Ulcer area in cm2 | 2 (0.8–5) |  |
Wagner grade 3–4 | 53 (10.3%) |  |
Osteomyelitis | 141 (35.6%) | Â |
Subsequent amputation | 263 (51.3%) | Â |
Blood Haemoglobin (g/L) | 120.0 ± 20.9 | 115–165 |
Blood WBC (count /L) | 9.2 (7.3-11.2) | 4.0–11.0 |
Plasma CRP (mg/L) | 15.1 (8–40) | 0.0–5.0 |
HbA1c (%) | 9.1 ± 2.5 | 4.3–5.7 |
Plasma LDL (mmol/L) | 2.2 ± 0.98 | < 3.0 |
Plasma HDL (mmol/L) | 0.91 ± 0.42 | > 1.0 |
Serum creatinine (mmol/L) | 85 (67–127) | 45–90 |
Urine ACR (mg/mmol) | 21 (3.1–142.8) | < 3.5 |
Serum Albumin (g/L) | 36.2 ± 6.1 | 34–45 |
Serum GGT (U/L) | 45 (27–93) | < 43 |
Serum ALP (U/L) | 113.5 (85–151) | 30–110 |