Table 3 Univariate analysis for association of clinical and biochemical parameters with diabetic foot syndrome (N = 620)
Variables | Diabetic foot syndrome | Unadjusted OR 95% CI | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Absent (n = 299) n (%) | Present (n = 321) n (%) | |||
Duration of DM | ||||
 0–5 years | 168 (56.2) | 95 (29.5) | 1 | < 0.001 |
 6–10 years | 72 (24.1) | 100 (31.2) | 2.45 (1.65–3.64) | |
  > 10 years | 59 (19.7) | 126 (39.3) | 3.77 (2.53–5.62) | |
Family h/o DM | 169 (56.5) | 161 (50.2) | 0.77 (0.56–1.06) | 0.112 |
Co-morbidities | ||||
 Hypertension | 187 (62.5) | 213 (66.4) | 1.18 (0.85–1.64) | 0.321 |
 Ischemic heart disease | 29 (9.7) | 49 (15.3) | 1.67 (1.02–2.73) | 0.037 |
 Hypercholesterolemia | 56 (18.7) | 52 (16.2) | 0.89 (0.55–1.27) | 0.407 |
BMI (kg/m2) | ||||
 Underweight (<  18.5) | 11 (3.7) | 13 (4.1) | 1 | 0.736 |
 Normal (18.5–24.9) | 141 (47.1) | 157 (49.1) | 0.94 (0.41–2.18) | |
 Overweight (25–29.9) | 111 (37.1) | 106 (33.1) | 0.80 (0.34–1.88) | |
 Obese (≥ 30) | 36 (12.1) | 44 (13.8) | 1.03 (0.41–2.58) | |
Waist circumference (cm) | ||||
 Normal | 72 (24.1) | 96 (29.9) | 1 | 0.103 |
 High (Males > 90; Female > 80) | 227 (75.9) | 225 (70.1) | 0.74 (0.52–1.06) | |
Blood pressure (mmHg) | ||||
 Normal | 136 (45.5) | 147 (45.8) | 1 | 0.938 |
 High (BP ≥ 140/90) | 163 (54.5) | 174 (54.2) | 0.98 (0.72–1.35) | |
HbA1c (mean + SD)a (n = 146) | 7.7 ± 1.8 | 7.8 ± 1.8 |  | 0.086 |