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Table 5 Sex hormone levels before and after treatment in PCOS patients

From: Comparison of glycemic control and β-cell function in new onset T2DM patients with PCOS of metformin and saxagliptin monotherapy or combination treatment

Parameters

Saxagliptin

Saxagliptin + Metformin

Metformin

 

Baseline

Treatment

Δ

Baseline

Treatment

Δ

Baseline

Treatment

Δ

LH, IU/L

10.01 (6.21 to 13.81)

7.8 (7 to 8.61)

−2.21 (− 5.54 to 1.12)

9.62 (7.24 to 12.01)

7.68 (6.86 to 8.5)

−1.94 (− 4.27 to 0.39)

11.74 (8.59 to 14.89)

7.55 (6.65 to 8.45)*

−4.19 (− 7.32 to − 1.05)

FSH, IU/L

6.27 (5.24 to 7.3)

5.66 (5.16 to 6.16)

− 0.61 (− 1.62 to 0.4)

7.66 (6.94 to 8.38)

5.97 (5.57 to 6.37)**

− 1.69 (− 2.55 to − 0.83)

8.18 (6.83 to 9.52)

5.92 (5.31 to 6.53)**

− 2.26 (− 3.86 to − 0.66)

T, nmol/L

2.64 (2.33 to 2.96)

2.13 (1.94 to 2.32)**

− 0.52 (− 0.69 to − 0.34)*

2.61 (2.35 to 2.86)

2.27 (2.09 to 2.45)*

−0.34 (− 0.52 to − 0.16)*

2.6 (2.33 to 2.86)

2.11 (1.97 to 2.26)**

−0.48 (− 0.65 to − 0.31)

SHBG, nmol/L

24.72 (17.14 to 32.29)

29.62 (23.77 to 35.48)

4.91 (1.56 to 8.25)

25.51 (19.98 to 31.04)

27.09 (22.76 to 31.41)

1.57 (−0.8 to 3.95)*

22.64 (15.73 to 29.54)

26.98 (21.55 to 32.42)

4.35 (1.72 to 6.97)*

FAI

15.82 (11.06 to 20.58)

8.88 (6.4 to 11.35)*

−6.94 (− 9.83 to − 4.06)*

11.72 (8.36 to 15.08)

9.37 (7.57 to 11.16)

−2.35 (− 5.72 to 1.01)*

14.84 (9.06 to 20.63)

9.13 (7.38 to 10.88)

−5.72 (− 10.79 to −0.64)

  1. Data are presented as mean ± SD and mean (95% CI). P-values based on the paired t-test for variables of normal distribution and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for variables of skewed distribution, for differences between baseline and the 24-week treatment; one-way ANOVA for variables of normal distribution and the Kruskal–Wallis test for variables of skewed distribution, for differences among three groups. Δ denotes the changes after treatment compared with baseline. * P < 0.05 and ** P < 0.01 for changes before and after treatment in treatment columns, and for changes among three groups in Δ columns
  2. LH luteinizing hormone, FSH follicle-stimulating hormone, T total testosterone, SHBG sex hormone binding globulin, FAI Free androgen index