Table 4 Subgroup analyses: comparison of patients visiting, or not, an ophthalmologist during the past 2 years
Visit to an ophthalmologist during the past 2 years | Yes (n = 280) | No (n = 42) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Mean (SD) or % | Mean or % | p-valuea | |
Age | 322 | 66.8 (10.5) | 64.7 (11.5) | 0.244 |
Gender | 322 | |||
Women | 40.0% | 31.0% | 0.262 | |
Men | 60.0% | 69.1% | ||
Education | 317 | |||
Primary | 14.9% | 23.8% | 0.172 | |
Secondary | 59.6% | 45.2% | ||
Tertiary | 25.5% | 31.0% | ||
Type of diabetes c | 322 | |||
Type 1 | 15.0% | 4.8% | 0.153c | |
Type 2 | 81.8% | 92.9% | ||
Undetermined | 3.2% | 2.4% | ||
Type of treatment | 321 | |||
Oral antidiabetic | 37.9% | 73.2% | <0.001 | |
Insulin or other antidiabetic injection | 62.1% | 26.8% | ||
Member of the local diabetes association | 321 | 20.1% | 7.1% | 0.053 c |
Number of eye diseases reported | 310 | 1.2 (1.0) | 0.6 (0.6) | 0.001 |
HbA1C valueb | 174 | 7.3 (1.1) | 6.8 (0.8) | 0.313 |
ADDQoL global score | 322 | −1.5 (1.6) | −0.8 (1.1) | 0.011 |
SF-12 PCS | 312 | 43.5 (10.0) | 44.8 (9.6) | 0.440 |
SF-12 MCS | 311 | 46.4 (11.1) | 45.9 (10.2) | 0.771 |
PACIC global score | 316 | 2.8 (1.0) | 2.2 (0.8) | <0.001 |
Stanford self-efficacy score | 316 | 7.8 (1.6) | 7.6 (1.9) | 0.610 |
HbA1C awareness | 303 | 91.3% | 66.7% | <0.001 |
HbA1C checkb | 262 | 99.2% | 92.0% | 0.047 c |
Blood pressure measurement | 315 | 99.3% | 95.2% | 0.087 c |
Lipid profile | 311 | 97.4% | 95.2% | 0.349 c |
Diabetic foot examination | 313 | 68.6% | 45.2% | 0.003 |
Microalbuminuria test | 283 | 82.9% | 71.1% | 0.083 |
Influenza vaccination | 314 | 67.7% | 45.2% | 0.005 |