Normal group (n = 51) | Pre-diabetic group (n = 204) | T2DM group (n = 41) | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 44 (36,55) | 45 (34,60) | 46 (35,66) | 0.131 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.30 (17.30,37.60) | 25.70 (16.60,43.00)a | 27.20 (19.00,43.00)b,c | 0.000 |
WC (cm) | 78.50 (63.50,110.50) | 84.00 (61.50,130.00) | 90.50 (74.00,108.00)b,c | 0.000 |
Body fat (%) | 30.00 (14.90,41.70) | 31.15 (9.50,72.00) | 34.15 (19.30,42.80)b,c | 0.018 |
Visceral fat (%) | 7.00 (1.50,22.00) | 8.50 (1.00,83.00)a | 11.00 (4.50,27.00)b,c | 0.000 |
Trunk fat (%) | 21.70 (8.50,37.20) | 23.15 (5.50, 78.00) | 26.60 (11.00,39.00)b,c | 0.021 |
Muscle (%) | 25.00 (21.90,33.60) | 25.10 (19.60,84.00) | 23.90 (20.40,31.70) | 0.060 |
Systolic BP (mmHg) | 111 (75,139) | 120 (71,159)a | 127 (95,154)b,c | 0.000 |
Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 72 (49,111) | 76.50 (23, 109)a | 79 (68,102)b,c | 0.000 |
Insulin (μU/mL) | 4.64 (0.04,8.46) | 5.83 (0.46,32.94)a | 6.29 (0.75,46.66)b | 0.002 |
HOMA-IR | 1.03 (0.01,1.94) | 1.24 (0.11,7.48)a | 1.80 (0.15,18.73)b,c | 0.000 |
HOMA-β | 66.06 (0.66,163.39) | 74.18 (5.59,410.21) | 52.62 (5.23,186.95)b,c | 0.003 |
TG (mg/dl) | 93.00 (52.00,273.00) | 128.00 (54.00,735.00)a | 146.00 (64.00,460.00)b | 0.000 |
TC (mg/dl) | 192.00 (95.00,306.00) | 200.00 (100.00,388.00) | 206.00 (92.00,290.00) | 0.438 |
HDL-c (mg/dl) | 54.00 (20.00, 83.00) | 51.00 (10.00,91.00) | 46.00 (4.00,143.00) | 0.181 |
LDL-c (mg/dl) | 119.00 (37.00,223.00) | 120.00 (8.00,322.00) | 122.00 (35.00,207.00) | 0.966 |