Pulse wave velocity and cardiac autonomic function in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Chorepsima, Stamatina; Eleftheriadou, Ioanna; Tentolouris, Anastasios; Moyssakis, Ioannis; Protogerou, Athanasios; Kokkinos, Alexandros; Sfikakis, Petros P.; Tentolouris, Nikolaos

doi:10.1186/s12902-017-0178-2

BMC Endocrine Disorders

Table 3 Associations between the studied parameters and abnormal pulse wave velocity in participants with type 2 diabetes

From: Pulse wave velocity and cardiac autonomic function in type 2 diabetes mellitus

	OR	95% CI	P value
Univariate logistic regression analysis
Age (years)	0.956	0.936–1.033	0.504
Gender (men vs. women)	0.707	0.433–1.155	0.167
Diabetes duration (years)	0.979	0.951–1.008	0.150
Height (m)	4.513	0.400–50.860	0.223
Body mass index (kg/m²)	0.992	0.942–1.044	0.754
Waist circumference (cm)	1.009	0.988–1.031	0.394
Current smoking n (%)	0.994	0.544–1.815	0.983
SBP (mmHg)	1.026	1.012–1.040	<0.001
DBP (mmHg)	1.065	1.035–1.095	<0.001
Peripheral MBP (mmHg)	1.062	1.037–1.089	<0.001
Central MBP (mmHg)	1.059	1.033–1.086	<0.001
HR (bpm)	1.049	1.021–1.077	0.001
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	0.785	0.626–1.285	0.136
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)	0.784	0.339–1.814	0.569
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)	0.571	0.791–1.138	0.571
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	0.674	0.496–0.916	0.012
Treatment with statins (yes vs. no)	0.538	0.326–1.386	0.115
Glucose (mmol/L)	0.956	0.874–1.047	0.335
HbA_1c (%)	0.996	0.809–1.227	0.971
Nephropathy (yes vs. no)	1.422	0.854–2.367	0.176
Peripheral neuropathy (yes vs. no)	2.018	1.111–3.667	0.021
Log Power LF (msec²)	0.625	0.364–1.074	0.089
Log Power HF (msec²)	0.499	0.284–0.878	0.016
Log Total Power (msec²)	0.452	0.244–0.838	0.012
LF/HF	1.117	0.901–1.386	0.312
Log NN mean (msec)	0.004	0.000–0.866	0.044
Log SDNN (msec)	0.295	0.077–1.130	0.075
Log r-MSDD (msec)	0.556	0.321–0.963	0.036
Log BRS (msec/mmHg)	0.529	0.133–2.105	0.366
Multivariate logistic regression analyses^a
Model 1
Central MBP (mmHg)	1.052	1.016–1.088	0.004
Log Total Power (msec²)	0.490	0.258–0.932	0.030
Model 2
Central MBP (mmHg)	1.050	1.015–1.087	0.005
Log Power HF (msec²)	0.546	0.301–0.991	0.047
Model 3
Central MBP (mmHg)	1.053	1.017–1.091	0.004
Log r-MSDD (msec)	0.572	0.319–1.024	0.060

OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, HR heart rate, HDL high density lipoprotein, LDL low density lipoprotein, HbA _1c glycated hemoglobin, LF low frequency, Log logarithmic value, HF high frequency, NN normal-to-normal RR interval, SDNN standard deviation of all normal-to-normal RR intervals, r-MSDD square root of the mean of the squares of successive differences between adjacent NN intervals, BRS baroreflex sensitivity
^aAfter adjustment in addition for age, gender, heart rate and triglycerides. Gender, current smoking status, treatment with statins, nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy (yes vs. no) were analyzed as categorical variables; all the other variables were analyzed as continuous variables in both univariate and multivariate analysis. When central mean (cMBP) and peripheral mean arterial blood pressure (pMBP) were used in turn in the models of multivariate logistic regression analyses, the results were not affected significantly

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