Table 1 Characteristics of the participants

Number (male/female)

14 (7/7)

11 (5/6)

12 (9/3)

Age (year)

32.21 ± 3.13

54.45 ± 3.46*

56.75 ± 2.10*

BMI (kg/m²)

21.56 ± 0.63

25.02 ± 1.06*

25.52 ± 1.11*

WHR

0.81 ± 0.02

0.88 ± 0.02*

0.90 ± 0.02*

HB_A1c (%)

5.6 ± 0.1

7.3 ± 0.4*

7.7 ± 0.4*

HBA1c (mmol/mL)

37 ± 1

56 ± 4*

61 ± 4*

SBP (mmHg)

112.21 ± 3.19

128.55 ± 3.18*

127.17 ± 4.43*

DBP (mmHg)

71.21 ± 2.64

78.45 ± 1.76*

74.33 ± 1.38

TC (mmol/L)

4.52 ± 0.17

5.60 ± 0.31*

5.39 ± 0.23*

TG (mmol/L)

0.88 ± 0.07

2.31 ± 0.58*

1.69 ± 0.40*

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.38 ± 0.08

1.37 ± 0.12

1.40 ± 0.13

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.07 ± 0.12

2.65 ± 0.16*

2.65 ± 0.22*

ALT (U/L)

23.17 ± 3.14

32.89 ± 7.55

26.00 ± 2.74

BUN (mmol/L)

4.38 ± 0.29

5.60 ± 0.38*

4.956 ± 0.39

Cr (μmol/L)

69.82 ± 6.40

78.22 ± 5.15

83.58 ± 4.69

Uric acid (μmol/L)

317.57 ± 15.13

353.25 ± 15.61

333.08 ± 17.57