Table 1 Description of the study population

Sociodemographic characteristics

 Age (years)

59,4 (SD 13.0)

57,1 (SD 10, 2)

 Male sex (%)

75

86

 Living alone (%)

40

33

 Education (>12 years) (%)

40

33

 Working (full/part time)

45

52

Lifestyle characteristics

 BMI (kg/m2)

31.1 (SD 6.4)

31.4 (SD 4.8)

 Waist circumference (cm)

110.9 (SD 13.7)

114.9 (SD 13.1)

 Current smokers (%)

30

19

Subgroups of diabetes

 Type 1 (%)

30

29

 Type 2 (%)

70

71

Diabetes-specific variables

 HbA₁ (mmol/mol)

63 (SD 19)

67 (SD 16)

 HbA_1c (% units)

7.9 (SD 1.7)

8.3 (SD 1.5)

 Insulin use (%)

55

71

 Urinary albumin/creatinin ratio^b

20*

65 *

 Nephropathy (%)

25

48

 Duration of diabetes (years) (median)

19.5

17.0

 Vascular surgery/ PTA/blocking (%)

15

33

 Retinopathy (%)

47

40

 Foot surgery (%)

55

53

 Charcot foot (%)

20

14

 Multiple ulcer history (%)

85

65

 A hx of previous toe amputation (%)

40

33

 A hx of previous multiple ulcers (%)

85

62

Time since last healed ulcer

 <3 months (%)

40

52

 3–6 months (%)

35

29

 6–12 months (%)

15

9.5

 >12 months (%)

10

9.5

Lower extremity examination

 Neuropathy evaluation

  Semmes-Weinstein 10-g monofilament right (n)^c

15/5

13/8

  Semmes-Weinstein 10-g monofilament left (n)^c

18/2

12/9

  Vibration perception threshold right (n)^d

7/13

7/14

  Vibration perception threshold left (n)^d

9/11

9/12

 Foot deformity

  Hallux valgus (n)

15

12

  Claw toe (n)

26

20

  Cavus (n)

10

19

  Charcot (n)

4

5

 Vascular examination

  Ankle-brachial index right

1.2 (SD 0.22)

1.2 (SD 0.25)

  Ankle-brachial index left

1.2 (SD 0.25)

1.1 (SD 0.12)

 Footwear compliance

 Time prescribed shoes were worn (hours)

  <4 (%)

10

16

  4–8 (%)

25

28

  >8–12 (%)

30

28

  >12 (%)

35

28

 The use of prescribed shoes

  Outdoor (%)

30

33

  Indoor (%)

5

0

  Both in- and outdoor (%)

60

61

  Not used (%)

5

5.5

Risk factors (n)^e

5/6/13/1

16/12/18/16