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Table 1 Characteristics of participants and laboratory investigations

From: Variations in levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in type 2 diabetes mellitus between rural and urban Ashanti Region of Ghana

Variables

Median (range)/n (%)

p value

 

T2DM Cases

Controls

Urban

n = 37

n = 42

 

Age (years)

50 (27–69)

45.5 (31–70)

0.3477

Sex

   

Male

8 (22)

5 (12)

 

Female

29 (78)

37 (88)

 

Height (m)

1.6 (1.5 – 1.8)

1.6 (1.4 – 1.8)

0.0057a

Weight (kg)

66.4 (44.5 - 96.6)

62.5 (34.1 - 93.3)

0.1615

BMI (kg/m2)

27.3 (20.0 - 38.7)

26.4 (17.7 - 48.4)

0.1341

Body Fat (%)

48.3 (25.9 - 66.5)

48.0 (23.8 - 61.2)

0.9569

Hypertension

9 (23)

NA

 

FBS (mmol/L)

7.5 (7.0 - 18.8)

5.7 (4.7 - 6.6)

<0.0001a

IL-6 (pg/mL)

38.7 (12.3 - 129.3)

43.9 (8.0 - 500.0)

0.8327

TNF-α (pg/mL)

258.5 (32.4 - 514.5)

158.8 (14.18 - 6320)

0.0714

Rural

n = 40

n = 70

 

Age (years)

51.5 (28–70)

49 (25–70)

0.3429

Sex

   

Male

19 (48)

29 (41)

 

Female

21 (52)

41 (59)

 

Height (m)

1.6 (1.5 – 1.2)

1.6 (1.2 – 1.8)

0.2796

Weight (kg)

59.70 (43.35 - 78.6)

58.1 (36.4 - 101.8)

0.7047

BMI (kg/m2)

21.57 (9.64 - 30.5)

20.68 (15.8 - 33.4)

0.5571

Body Fat (%)

42.9 (26.3 - 60.28)

43.1 (10.7 - 60.4)

0.8254

Hypertension

19 (51)

NA

 

FBS (mmol/L)

7.5 (7.0 - 13.7)

6.0 (4.6 - 6.9)

<0.0001a

IL-6 (pg/mL)

108.4 (26.0 - 478.0)

48.3 (4.8 - 432.8)

<0.0001a

TNF- α (pg/mL)

188.0 (52.5 - 412.0)

184.5 (53.3 - 700)

0.5282

  1. T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus, BMI: body mass index, FBS: fasting blood sugar, IL-6: interleukin-6, TNF- α: tumour necrosis factor-alpha. NA: not applicable
  2. astatistically significant