A pattern of unspecific somatic symptoms as long-term premonitory signs of type 2 diabetes: findings from the population-based MONICA/KORA cohort study, 1984-2009

Table 3 Association of the UPMS score with risk for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes estimated by Cox regression: Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) and p value (n =10,566)

	HR	P value
	(95% CI)
Model 1: Age, sex and survey	1.03	< 0.001
	(1.01-1.04)
Model 2: M1 + educational level and parental history of diabetes	1.02	0.001
	(1.01-1.04)
Model 3: M2 + smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity	1.02	0.02
	(1.00-1.03)
Model 4: M3 + hypertension, TC/HDL-C	1.02	0.005
	(1.01-1.04)
Model 5: M4 + BMI	1.02	0.01
	(1.01-1.04)

HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; UPMS: Unspecific premonitory symptom.

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