Risk factor | Category | UPMS score | P value |
---|---|---|---|
 |  | Mean (standard deviation) |  |
All | Â | 7.76 (4.31) | - |
Educational level | Low | 8.24 (4.40) | < 0.001 |
 | High | 6.59 (3.83) |  |
Parental history of diabetes | No | 7.48 (4.20) | < 0.001 |
 | Yes | 8.13 (4.35) |  |
 | Unknown | 8.38 (4.54) |  |
Current smoker | No | 7.91 (4.28) | < 0.001 |
 | Yes | 7.37 (4.36) |  |
Alcohol consumption | No | 8.46 (4.58) | < 0.001 |
 | Moderate | 7.52 (4.15) |  |
 | High | 7.44 (4.20) |  |
Physical inactivity | No | 6.99 (4.05) | < 0.001 |
 | Yes | 8.35 (4.40) |  |
Actual hypertension | No | 7.59 (4.19) | < 0.001 |
 | Yes | 8.07 (4.49) |  |
TC/HDL-C | < 5 | 7.81 (4.24) | 0.14 |
 | ≥5 | 7.67 (4.47) |  |
BMI (kg/m2) | < 25 | 7.43 (4.13) | < 0.001 |
 | 25- <30 | 7.80 (4.34) |  |
 | ≥30 | 8.45 (4.55) |  |