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Table 1 Age, sex and risk factor distribution at baseline in newly diagnosed T2DM cases and non-cases (n = 10,566)

From: A pattern of unspecific somatic symptoms as long-term premonitory signs of type 2 diabetes: findings from the population-based MONICA/KORA cohort study, 1984-2009

 

T2DM cases

T2DM non-cases

P value

 

(n = 974)

(n = 9,592)

 

Age (in years)*

52.9 (10.8)

46.1 (13.2)

< 0.001

Male sex

61.5

50.6

< 0.001

Low educational level

80.9

70.1

< 0.001

Parental history of diabetes

  

< 0.001

 No

48.1

64.4

 

 Yes

29.5

18.1

 

Unknown

22.5

17.6

 

Current smoker

29.8

27.3

0.10

Alcohol consumption

  

0.52

 No

28.5

28.0

 

 Moderate

43.4

45.3

 

 High

28.0

26.7

 

Physical inactivity

66.0

55.8

< 0.001

Actual hypertension

59.8

33.5

< 0.001

TC/HDL-C*

5.49 (2.16)

4.39 (1.77)

< 0.001

BMI (in kg/m2)*

29.7 (4.5)

26.1 (3.9)

< 0.001

UPMS score*

8.52 (4.62)

7.69 (4.27)

< 0.001

  1. *mean (standard deviation).
  2. BMI: Body mass index; TC/HDL-C: Total cholesterol/High density lipoprotein cholesterol; UPMS: Unspecific premonitory symptom.