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Table 2 Medical Outcomes Short-Form 36 (SF-36)

From: Health-related quality of life 5 years after carpal tunnel release among patients with diabetes: a prospective study with matched controls

SF-36 domain

(Population norm [SD])

Difference in changes over time

Mean patient scores (SD)

 

Patients with diabetes (n = 35/33)*

Patients without diabetes (n = 31/30)*

Mean (95% CI)

p value

Physical component score

(49 [(10.0])

  

Baseline

39 (7.4)

48 (9.0)

  

1 year

44 (11.4)

49 (9.4)

-1.0 (-5.9 - 4.0)

>0.30

5 years

41 (14.9)

48 (10.9)

2.4 (-2.5 - 7.4)

>0.30

Physical Functioning

(84 [(21.6])

  

Baseline

75 (17.8)

83 (16.5)

  

1 year

79 (23.6)

87 (15.9)

2.9 (-5.8 - 11.5)

>0.30

5 years

67 (30.9)

84 (21.2)

12.8 (4.1 - 21.4)

0.004

Role Physical

(79 [35.1])

  

Baseline

59 (36.9)

74 (38.4)

  

1 year

64 (38.0)

85 (29.4)

15.1 (-1.2 - 31.4)

0.07

5 years

66 (41.4)

84 (35.0)

12.2 (-4.2 - 28.6)

0.14

Bodily Pain

(72 [27.1])

  

Baseline

45 (22.7)

64 (28.0)

  

1 year

64 (30.7)

71 (29.2)

-3.7 (-18.7 - 11.3)

>0.30

5 years

66 (32.5)

71 (28.9)

-4.9 (-19.9 - 10.1)

>0.30

General Health

(72 [23.2])

  

Baseline

63 (22.7)

82 (20.1)

  

1 year

61 (26.4)

82 (19.4)

-0.9 (-7.3 - 5.5)

>0.30

5 years

61 (30.1)

80 (21.4)

5.4 (-1.0 - 11.9)

0.10

Mental component score

(50 [11.0])

  

Baseline

51 (9.2)

51 (8.1)

  

1 year

46 (14.1)

53 (5.6)

6.8 (2.0 - 11.5)

0.006

5 years

49 (11.8)

52 (7.8)

3.2 (-1.7 - 8.0)

0.20

Vitality

(68 [24.2])

  

Baseline

60 (23.7)

64 (24.2)

  

1 year

62 (29.6)

72 (20.8)

6.3 (-4.6 - 17.3)

0.25

5 years

57 (30.9)

72 (24.3)

10.6 (-0.4 - 21.7)

0.06

Social functioning

(88 [21.4])

  

Baseline

91 (15.1)

92 (14.7)

  

1 year

79 (31.8)

94 (11.1)

14.3 (3.1 - 25.4)

0.01

5 years

76 (28.7)

90 (16.9)

12.6 (1.4 - 23.9)

0.03

Role Emotional

(83 [31.7])

  

Baseline

82 (33.8)

82 (29.6)

  

1 year

67 (43.3)

92 (14.2)

25.1 (10.7 - 39.4)

0.001

5 years

82 (33.4)

88 (28.3)

7.5 (-7.0 - 22.0)

>0.30

Mental Health

(80 [20.5])

  

Baseline

77 (18.6)

79 (18.4)

  

1 year

75 (24.1)

84 (14.4)

6.4 (-1.9 - 14.6)

0.13

5 years

78 (18.0)

84 (17.3)

5.2 (-3.1 - 13.6)

0.22

  1. CI, confidence interval.
  2. *Number of participants at baseline and 1-year/5-year follow-up.
  3. Differences in changes over time (non-diabetic minus diabetic patients) in a mixed model with adjustment for gender, age and baseline value of the domain.