Table 1 Sample demographic characteristics and path analysis variables (n = 615)
|  | % or mean ± standard deviation |
|---|---|
Age | 61.3 ± 10.9 |
  18-34 years | 1.6 |
  35-44 years | 5.2 |
  45-64 years | 53.6 |
  65+ years | 39.6 |
Gender | Â |
  Women | 38.4 |
  Men | 61.6 |
Race/Ethnicity | Â |
  Non-Hispanic Black | 64.9 |
  Non-Hispanic Whites | 33.0 |
  Hispanic/Other | 2.1 |
Marital Status | Â |
  Married | 49.7 |
  Not Married | 50.3 |
Educational level | Â |
  Less than high school graduate | 13.0 |
  High school graduate | 28.2 |
  College education | 47.1 |
  More than college | 11.7 |
Employment status | Â |
  Employed | 34.7 |
  Not employed | 65.3 |
Annual income level | Â |
  <$20,000 | 41.6 |
  $20,000-$49,000 | 10.1 |
  $50,000-$74,999 | 9.4 |
  $75,000+ | 7.9 ± 1.8 |
Glycemic Control | Â |
Glycemic Control (HbA1c < 8%) |  |
  Controlled | 57.9 |
  Not Controlled | 42.1 |
Self-Care | Â |
  General Diet | 4.7 ± 2.0 |
  Special Diet | 4.0 ± 1.5 |
  Exercise | 2.6 ± 2.2 |
  Blood Sugar Testing | 4.6 ± 2.5 |
  Foot Care | 4.3 ± 2.5 |
  Medication Adherence | 5.9 ± 2.0 |
Psychological Factors | Â |
  Fatalism | 33.9 ± 9.5 |
  Self-efficacy | 28.6 ± 5.4 |
  Depression | 6.1 ± 6.0 |
  Diabetes Distress | 1.6 ± 0.7 |
  Serious Psychological Distress | 5.8 ± 6.3 |
  Social Support | 72.8 ± 26.1 |
  Perceived Stress | 5.3 ± 3.3 |