Table 1 Baseline characteristics and gender differences in 196 patients with type 1 diabetes
|  | All patients (n = 196) | Men (n = 106) | Women (n = 90) | P1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 41.3 ± 11.7 | 42.6 ± 12.0 | 39.7 ± 11.2 | 0.0832 | |
Diabetes duration (years) | 21.1 ± 12.2 | 22.3 ± 12.5 | 19.7 ± 11.8 | 0.142 | |
High MSC | Â | ||||
 MSC ≥9.3 nmol/L | 34 (17) | 17 (16) | 17 (19) | 0.71 | |
Psychiatric variables | Â | ||||
 Depression3 | 20 (10) | 12 (11) | 8 (9) | 0.64 | |
 Clinical psychiatric diagnoses | 27 (14) | 8 (8) | 19 (21) | 0.007 | |
Life style factors | Â | ||||
 Smoking4 | 16 (9) | 11 (11) | 5 (6) | 0.30 | |
 Physical inactivity5 | 19 (10) | 10 (10) | 9 (11) | > 0.99 | |
Metabolic variables and hypoglycemia | Â | ||||
 HbA1c | mmol/mol | 62 ± 13 | 62 ± 10 | 64 ± 15 | 0.302 |
% | 7.9 ± 1.1 | 7.8 ± 1.0 | 8.0 ± 1.3 | ||
 HbA1c >70 mmol/mol (>8.6%) | 50 (26) | 22 (21) | 28 (31) | 0.10 | |
 Abdominal obesity6 | 29 (15) | 8 (8) | 21 (24) | 0.002 | |
 Hypertension | 106 (54) | 65 (61) | 41 (46) | 0.031 | |
 Hyperlipidemia | 167 (85) | 96 (91) | 71 (79) | 0.027 | |
 Severe hypoglycemia episodes7 | 9 (5) | 4 (4) | 5 (5) | 0.74 | |
Medication | Â | ||||
 Antidepressants | 13 (7) | 4 (4) | 9 (10) | 0.092 | |
 Antihypertensive medication | 60 (31) | 38 (36) | 22 (24) | 0.090 | |
 Lipid lowering drugs | 93 (47) | 53 (50) | 40 (44) | 0.48 | |
 Inhaled steroids | 15 (8%) | 4 (4) | 11 (12) | 0.032 | |