Table 1 Association of age, clinical and biochemical parameters with diabetic retinopathy
From: Retinopathy among young adults with Diabetes Mellitus from a tertiary care setting in Sri Lanka
| Â | Diabetic retinopathy | p* | Diabetic retinopathy grade | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Absent | Present | Mild NPDR | Moderate NPDR | Maculopathy | ||
Mean (±SD) | Mean (±SD) |  | Mean (±SD) | Mean (±SD) | Mean (±SD) | |
Age (years) | 36.5 (±5.9) | 39.8 (±4.6) | <0.001 | 39.1 (±5.1) | 40.4 (±4.0) | 40.8 (±3.0) |
Duration of diabetes (years) | 4.4 (±3.3) | 8.5 (±4.9) | <0.001 | 7.9 (±4.7)♯ | 8.8 (±4.9)§ | 11.2 (±5.0)♯,§ |
Height (cm) | 157.6 (±10.0) | 156.2 (±8.0) | NS | 155.9 (±8.0) | 156.0 (±7.4) | 158.4 (±10.4) |
Weight (kg) | 61.9 (±11.9) | 57.1 (±9.6) | <0.001 | 57.2 (±10.2) | 55.8 (±9.0) | 60.4 (±8.7) |
Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 24.8 (±4.2) | 23.3 (±3.2) | <0.001 | 23.4 (±3.2) | 22.8 (±3.4) | 24.1 (±2.7) |
Waist circumference (cm) | 87.4 (±9.8) | 85.0 (±8.4) | <0.05 | 84.8 (±8.6) | 84.3 (±8.3) | 88.7 (±5.9) |
Hip circumference (cm) | 96.0 (±15.5) | 91.8 (±6.3) | <0.01 | 92.2 (±6.5) | 90.6 (±6.1) | 93.5 (±5.1) |
Waist to hip ratio | 0.91 (±0.06) | 0.92 (±0.06) | NS | 0.92 (±0.05) | 0.93 (±0.06) | 0.95 (±0.04) |
Waist to height ratio | 0.56 (±0.07) | 0.54 (±0.05) | NS | 0.54 (±0.05) | 0.54 (±0.06) | 0.56 (±0.04) |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 119.1 (±12.7) | 124.2 (±17.1) | <0.001 | 121.3 (±16.3)♯ | 125.3 (±16.1) | 138.1 (±19.4)♯ |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74.8 (±8.9) | 77.4 (±10.2) | <0.01 | 75.9 (±8.9)♯ | 77.9 (±11.7) | 83.4 (±10.6)♯ |
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl) | 163.6 (±66.8) | 184.2 (±76.5) | <0.01 | 180.6 (±73.5) | 187.4 (±82.0) | 201.9 (±76.2) |
HbA1c (%) [mmol/mol] | 7.9% (±2.0) [62.8] | 9.0% (±1.8) [74.9] | <0.001 | 8.7 (±1.8)♯ [71.6] | 9.4 (±1.6) [79.2] | 10.1 (±1.2)♯ [86.9] |
Urine Microalbumin (mg/l)¥ | 7.9 (3.6 – 26.5) | 14.3 (4.2 – 53.2) | <0.05 | 9.8 (4.1 – 45.6)♯ | 23.3 (7.2 – 71.2)♯ | 11.5 (3.0 – 97.5) |