Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the study population
Parameters | Male n = 1,449 | Female n = 541 | Pvalue |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 40.1 ± 0.2 (25–54) | 39.5 ± 0.3 (25–54) | 0.05 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.5 ± 0.1 (15–48) | 22.0 ± 0.2 (15–39) | <0.001 |
Waist circumference (WC) (cm) | 88.8 ± 0.2 (54–149) | 78.0 ± 0.4 (57–112) | <0.001 |
Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mmol/L) | 5.2 ± 0.0 (4–17.8) | 4.9 ± 0.0 (3.7–17.2) | <0.001 |
Muscle mass (kg) | 29.4 ± 0.1 (18.4–44.4) | 19.7 ± 0.1 (13.4–29.0) | <0.001 |
Total body fat mass (kg) | 17.6 ± 0.2 (2.9–68.1) | 18.3 ± 0.3 (6.8–46.4) | 0.04 |
Percent body fat (%) | 24.5 ± 0.2 (6.7–46.7) | 32.5 ± 0.3 (16.9–51.1) | <0.001 |
Vitamin D status | |||
<50 nmol/L (n = 433) | 44 ± 0.5 (n = 201) | 42 ± 0.5 (n = 233) | 0.001 |
≥50 nmol/L (n = 1,592) | 68.5 ± 0.5 (n = 1,248) | 62.2 ± 0.5 (n = 308) | <0.001 |