| Gender |  | Microvascular Complications | Average HbA1c (%) |  | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
z | Male | Female | p= | Absent | Present | p= | ≤8 | >8 | p= |
n | 13 | 13 | Â | 22 | 4 | Â | 13 | 13 | Â |
NC*: Avascular areas (number/nailbed) | 1.0 (0.5-1.4) | 1.1 (0.9-1.2) | 0.74 | 0.9 (0.7-1.1) | 1.6 (0.8-2.3) | 0.03 | 0.9 (0.5-1.2) | 1.2 (0.8-1.5) | 0.22 |
NC: micro-aneurysms (number/nailbed) | 0.5 (0.3-0.6) | 0.6 (0.5-0.7) | 0.06 | 0.5 (0.4-0.6) | 0.7 (0.0-0.0) | 0.20 | 0.5 (0.4-0.6) | 0.6 (0.4-0.7) | 0.55 |
Laser Doppler flowmetry: Baseline perfusion (PU1) | 19.1(10.3-3.4)** | 19.1 (11.6-26.6) | 1.00 | 20.6 (14.2-27.1) | 10.5 (6.8-14.3) | 0.19 | 18.3 (9.3-27.3) | 19.9 (12.7-27.1) | 0.78 |
Retinal vessel analysis: Arteriole-to-venule ratio | 0.7 (0.7-0.7) | 0.7 (0.7-0.7) | 0.56 | 0.7 (0.7-0.7) | 0.07 (0.7-0.8) | 0.41 | 0.7 (0.7-0.7) | 0.7 (0.7-0.7) | 0.96 |
24-hr ABPM: BP Dip | 7.1 (3.56-10.6) | 9.2 (6.6-11.8) | 0.32 | 7.8 (5.4-10.2) | 10.1 (4.0-16.1) | 0.46 | 7.4 (3.6-11.2) | 8.9 (6.7-11.2) | 0.48 |