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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population stratified by sex

From: Serum prolactin concentrations as risk factor of metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes?

 

Men

Women

p-value*

 

(N = 1,966)

(N = 2,027)

 

Age, years

52.1 (37.4; 65.3)

49.5 (36.0; 62.3)

<0.001

Serum prolactin, μg/l

4.9 (3.6; 6.9)

6.5 (4.5; 9.4)

<0.001

Current smoker,%

33.5

26.9

<0.001

Physical activity,%

41.0

43.4

0.130

Alcohol consumption, g/d

11.9 (1.5; 27.9)

2.5 (0.0; 7.2)

<0.001

Educational level

  

<0.001

  < 10 years

42.7

37.8

 

  = 10 years

39.8

46.8

 

  > 10 years

17.5

15.3

 

Parity, N

NA

2 (1, 3)

NA

Body mass index, kg/m2

27.3 (24.9; 29.9)

26.1 (22.8; 30.2)

<0.001

Waist circumference, cm

95.2 (87.5; 102.9)

81.5 (72.8; 92.1)

<0.001

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

140.5 (129.5; 153.0)

127.0 (114.5; 143.0)

<0.001

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

85.0 (78.0; 93.0)

80.5 (73.5; 87.5)

<0.001

Serum total cholesterol, mmol/l

5.7 (4.9; 6.4)

5.7 (4.9; 6.5)

0.811

Serum triglycerides, mmol/l

1.7 (1.2; 2.6)

1.3 (0.9; 1.9)

<0.001

Serum LDL cholesterol, mmol/l

3.6 (2.8; 4.3)

3.4 (2.7; 4.2)

0.002

Serum HDL cholesterol, mmol/l

1.2 (1.0; 1.5)

1.5 (1.3; 1.8)

<0.001

Serum glucose, mmol/l

5.4 (5.0; 6.0)

5.2 (4.8; 5.7)

<0.001

Glycated hemoglobin A1c,%

5.4 (5.0; 5.9)

5.2 (4.8; 5.7)

<0.001

Metabolic syndrome,%

34.0

22.2

<0.001

Type 2 diabetes mellitus,%

12.6

9.0

<0.001

  1. Data are given as percentages or median (p25th; p75th). NA, not applicable; LDL cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
  2. * Differences between men and women were tested using χ2 test (categorical data) and Whitney-Mann-U Test (continuous data).