Table 2 Comparison by glycemia intervention group of reported antecedents and consequences of severe hypoglycemia (1)
Intensive Glycemia N = 478% (n) | Standard Glycemia N = 172% (n) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Immediate antecedents to severe hypoglycemic event: | |||
None | 14% (79) | 11% (20) | 0.21 |
Food Related | 48% (263) | 58% (107) | 0.02 |
Delayed or missed meal | 31% (167) | 44% (81) | <.01 |
Ate less carbohydrate than prescribed or usual at preceding meal or snack | 26% (144) | 25% (47) | 0.81 |
Ingested alcohol | 3% (18) | 2% (4) | 0.44 |
Exercised unexpectedly or more vigorously than usual | 15% (80) | 12% (23) | 0.46 |
Took incorrect type and dose of insulin (e.g. aspart instead of glargine at hs) | 1% (8) | 2% (4) | 0.52 |
Took more insulin than prescribed or usually administered | 5% (30) | 7% (13) | 0.44 |
Took more sulfonylurea or meglitinide than prescribed | 1% (7) | 2% (3) | 0.73 |
Started on new medication known to cause hypoglycemia or to mask symptoms | 2% (10) | 8% (14) | <.01 |
Experienced recent weight loss without appropriate adjustment of insulin dose | 3% (15) | 3% (6) | 0.72 |
Has an intercurrent illness as a cause without an error in exercise/food/drugs | 4% (22) | 3% (6) | 0.63 |
Cognitive impairment/decline | 6% (33) | 11% (20) | 0.03 |
Other | 23% (124) | 24% (45) | 0.64 |
Immediate consequences of severe hypoglycemia event | |||
None | 3% (17) | 1% (1) | 0.05 |
ER visit or seen by EMT (without hospitalization) | 67% (364) | 75% (138) | 0.04 |
Confusion/irrational behavior | 37% (203) | 34% (62) | 0.38 |
Coma/loss of consciousness with no seizure | 25% (137) | 25% (47) | 0.92 |
Hospitalization | 18% (99) | 24% (44) | 0.09 |
Personal Accident or injury | 6% (33) | 6% (12) | 0.82 |
Seizure | 2% (10) | 3% (6) | 0.26 |
Injury to another individual | 1% (3) | 1% (1) | 0.99 |
Other | 6% (35) | 8% (14) | 0.58 |