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Table 5 The 50 patient-, provider-, and health environment-specific variables included in the insulin progression prediction model

From: Rationale and design of the multinational observational study assessing insulin use: the MOSAIc study

Patient demographics

1 Age

2 Gender

3 Education

4 Marriage Status

5 Work Status

Patient clinical characteristics

6 Duration of type II diabetes

7 Body mass index (BMI)*

8 Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)*

9 Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)*

10 High-density lipoprotein (HDL)*

11 Urine microalbumin to serum creatinine ratio*

12 Systolic blood pressure*

13 Number of days blood sugar was tested in the past week*

14 Daily units basal or intermediate insulin*

15 Daily units short-acting (regular) insulin*

Patient medication history

16 Metformin use †

17 Use of a sulfonurea †

18 Use of a glitazone †

19 Use of another oral antidiabetic drug †

20 Use of an ACE inhibitor ‡

21 Use of an ARB ‡

22 Use of a thiazide ‡

23 Use of a beta blocker ‡

History of comorbidities§

24 Hypertension

25 Cardiovascular diseasea

26 Diabetes complicationsb

27 Hypoglycemia

Patient self-care/healthy behavior measures at the baseline visit €

28 Insulin-specific Adherence Questionnaire summary score

29 Current Fasting Practices

30 Current smoking use (any smoking during past 7 days)

31 Current Alcohol Use

32 Number of days on which patient exercised during the last 7 days

33 Insurance to pay for drugs

Patient health care resource utilization in the 6 months prior to the baseline visit €

34 Number of hospitalizations due to diabetes, including MI and ESRD

35 Number of diabetes-related visits to physician who treats patient’s diabetes

36 Number of visits to an auxiliary diabetes provider

Physician-Related Variables∫

37 Age

38 Gender

39 Practice affiliation (Academic versus non-academic)

40 Practice location (Urban versus rural)

41 Practice time dedicated to diabetes (patients/month)

42 Practice size

43 Practice type (primary care/internal medicine versus diabetologist/endocrinologist)

44 Prescribing choices and preferences Score

Potentially Modifiable Variables

45 Patient Relationship with Health Care Provider €

46 Physician’s target HbA1c level for this patient £

47 Experience with Insulin Treatment Questionnaire Score €

48 Diabetes Self Care Activities Survey Score €

49 Diabetes Knowledge Test Score €

50 Diabetes Distress Scale Score €

  1. a Definition includes presence of any of: transient ischemic attack, stroke, congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial occlusive disease.
  2. b Definition includes presence of any of: retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, hyperlipidemia, diabetic coma, hyperglycemic hypermolar nonketototic syndrome, amputation, arthritis, cancer/malignancy, depression, gastroparesis, diabetic foot, other skin infections, and oral infections, pyelonephritis, pneumonia, erectile dysfunction.
  3. * Most recent values within the 6 months prior to the baseline visit, as recorded in the patient’s medical record.
  4. † Ever use or concomitant use at the day prior to the baseline visit, either from self-report or the patient’s medical record.
  5. ‡ Concurrent use reported at the baseline visit via self-report or the patient’s medical record.
  6. § Determined via self-report at the baseline visit or from the patient’s medical record.
  7. € Via patient self-report at the baseline visit.
  8. ∫ Via physician self-report at the practice site enrollment.
  9. £ Via physician self-report at the patient’s baseline visit.
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BMC Endocrine Disorders

ISSN: 1472-6823

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